| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 公共衛生學研究所碩士班 === 93 === Purpose: (1) To evaluate the smoking prevalence of adolescents in Kaohsiung. (2) To search the demographic data, smoking behavior and the influence factors to smoking behavior of adolescent smokers. (3) To evaluate the effects of against-smoking program for adolescents. (4) To evaluate the physical and psychological aspects of adolescents who involved in the smoking-cessation program. (5) To evaluate the effects of smoking-cessation program.
Materials and Methods: The subjects of this study were consisted of students from 4 senior high school and 4 junior schools in Kaohsiung. Students were assessed smoking prevalence and knowledge of cigarette hazard by the questionnaires before and after the intervention. Then the knowledge of cigarette hazard and education programs was arranged for all of the students. The second stage was to plan smoking-cessation programs or classes for the smoking students. The intervention for the experimental group included 4 weeks structured courses and counseling. Two models of programs were arranged including course model and cognitive-behavior groups. The physical and psychological aspects were evaluated including explored CO exam, lung function exam, nicotine metabolism examination (from serum), and BSRS (brief symptoms rating scale) examination before and after the intervention.
Results: The smoking prevalence of junior high school male students in our study is 2.4%, and the prevalence of junior high school female students is 3.0%. The smoking prevalence of senior high school male students is 15.1%, and the prevalence of senior high school female students is 1.0%. The fathers'' smoking rate of the students is 46.8%, and the mothers'' smoking rate is 1.0%. The parents'' smoking incidence is 51.3%. The desire for smoking students to quit cigarette smoking is low in our study. Just 18.7% of the smokers has desire to quit smoking. Besides, the quit smoking desire of senior high school smoking students is lower than which of junior high school students. The evaluation for adolescent students about the knowledge of smoking hazard revealed that there is significant difference before and after the education programs. The results after programs are better than the exam before programs in some aspects like cigarette components (nicotine, tar, CO) and cardio-vascular disease results from smoking. According to the evaluation from BSRS, the anxiety scales and depression scales of smoking students are different from that of non-smoking students. Anxiety scales and total psychological scales of junior high school students are higher than those of senior high school students. The physical evaluation before smoking cessation programs revealed that there are correlations between lung function and ages of smoking students. The larger the ages, the better the lung functions. There is no correlation between lung function and smoking-years. The difference in explored CO and in serum nicotine metabolism exam before and after the smoking-cessation program revealed that the cessation outcomes of senior high school students are better than junior high school students. To compare the cessation outcomes between two different models of classes, it revealed that the outcome of cognitive-behavior groups is better than that of course models after modifying the smoking condition of parents and mood problems. The cessation outcome of cognitive-behavior groups is four times of that of course models. Our study hopes that we can provide for adolescent educator our experience about knowledge of adolescent smoking behavior and cessation programs. We hope that we can yield twice the result with half the effort on smoking hazard prevention in the future.
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