| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 建築學系碩博士班 === 93 === Kaohsiung City is situated in the costal area in the middle of the Kaohsiung Plain at the terminal part of Ali Mountain, a transition between Chianan and Ping-tong Plain in terms of topography, geology and climate. Being a typical port city, it is also the second largest city in Taiwan.
After the Second World War, Kaohsiung City had it’s urban planning from the Japanese Colonial Period modified into the basis of its development. In retrospect of the 200-year modernization of the city, the western style of urban spatial structure, which was first made public in 1908 was introduced by the colonial government and had a history almost one hundred years old. What changes can be found after such a long period of time regarding the spatial structure concepts and planning of Kaohsiung City? How the city with a colonial background included in the urban planning of the previous KMT government should be evaluated and interpreted is a topic of in-depth discussion. In order to shed light on the future of Kaohsiung City’s urban development and to make Kaohsiung a better place in the 21st century, this research studies the changes in the formation and expansion of the urban structure of Kaohsiung City after the Second World War by a detailed analysis of official documents and studies on the current situation:
1. How did the urban structure of Kaohsiung City succeed the previous plan and continue to develop after the War? What changes were made after the structural model was adjusted in 1971?
2. A discussion on the changes of the formulation and expansion of the urban spatial structure with an evaluation of the substantial development facts at present.
3. It is expected that this research could effectively compile historical data and facilitate future studies in the continuation and development pattern of the urban spatial structures of Taiwan’s cities.
The six chapters in this research can be generally divided into four major parts. They are:
1 The environmental and humane backgrounds of Kaohsiung City
In this chapter, the topographical, geological, hydrological and meteorological characteristics of Kaohsiung Plain are presented as factors that have influenced city formation and the overall development of Kaohsiung.
The history, settlements, nomenclature, territory, etc. are reiterated in this chapter, which also discusses human factors such as population structure, population growth, economic activities, etc., all of which have an impact upon the development of the City.
2. The relationship between the development and spatial structure of Kaohsiung City and Kaohsiung Harbor
The administrative territory, the area included in urban planning and the physical area of a city are independent and inconsistent in their expansion and development. However, it is also very likely that three factors have influenced each other. Kaohsiung City and Kaohsiung Harbor share a close relationship in their locations and history; in other words, the expansion of the Harbor led to the prosperity of the City. The fourth chapter analyzes the developmental process of Kaohsiung Harbor and studies the expansion process of the physical area of Kaohsiung City based on the events after the Second World War (the year 1945) and partially the history before the War. Table 4-1 is a brief summary of the City’s history.
3. The expansion of physical construction in the City
During the decade following the War, the urban plan formulated in the Japanese Colonial Period was not analyzed due to political reasons; thus, the government implemented a wartime urban plan that caused a serious halt in the development and planning of Kaohsiung City. The KMT government put its economic construction project into practice in 1953 and made Kaohsiung the focus of industrial development and construction. Hence, the scale of the City rapidly grew from the urban core that resulted in a more complicated urban space structural model. In view of this, the Principles of Kaohsiung City Development were formulated in 1971 as the basis of urban planning for the City.
4. The implementation of urban planning and the expansion of urban spatial structures in the City after the Second World War
Chapter five presents the role of Kaohsiung City as the core of urban development in southern Taiwan and its structural process in time order, including the proclamation and enlargement of the area involved in urban planning, land use, traffic network and its structure, changes and characteristics. This research studies the characteristics and changes of spatial structures presented in the urban plan issued by the Kaohsiung City Government with a focus on the expansion of the area involved. The key point is to have an overall review on the integration of each zone included in the plan and the spatial structure relationship between the City and the Harbor.
The research in its final chapter presents the features and characteristics of the City’s physical development in expectation of substantial improvement in the planning of urban development in Kaohsiung City so that urban activities may have proper space and citizens may enjoy high-quality interaction among different types of space.
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