| Summary: | 碩士 === 臺中師範學院 === 環境教育研究所 === 93 === The best way to carry out ecological conservation is education; and the best method to implement environmental education is the outdoor education that learns from nature. The natural ecological environment of the campus could be the diversified teaching resources, and students could get the most direct assistance to verify what they have learned from their living environment.
Teaching in the campus with biotope, students could be changed and influenced unobtrusively and imperceptibly in the environment naturally because creatures are existed in campus naturally, and they could have correct knowledge on them. Furthermore, they could understand the equality of life and learn life education. If the campus could be rebuilt as biotope and increased biodiversity, which not only provides teaching material required by ecological education, but also greens and beautifies the campus, and become the foundation of sustainable Taiwan.
Through literature discussion, field investigation of the elementary schools, it is discovered that the environment of the campus conforming to biodiversity and environmental education should comply with (1) Creating diversified biotope environment (2) Rooting diversified local plants as host plants for creatures and plants of nectar source (3) Adopting low frequent management measure (4) Promoting environmental education, cultivating children that love creatures and respect life. Furthermore, 12 experts were invited to carry out Delphi technique on the environmental indicators in the campus with biotope. The established indicators include six aspects with total 60 indicators, namely, policy of sustainable green campus and execution, wild observation area, grasslands, flower bed, arbor bushes, and water area (including pool and stream). As a whole, this index expects school to plan various biotopes with appropriate area proportion in campus, and root various host plants for creatures, and root diversified local plants to attract birds and butterflies; moreover, the campus shall carry out low frequent management measure (reduce weeding frequency, clean fallen leaves appropriately, and try not to use pesticides). After the environment in the campus is created, and the wall of the campus is rebuilt as the green fence with multiple holes, it will certainly attract creatures to it. The water area in the campus shall have good water circulation, diversified submersed、floating-leaved and emergent benthophytes , and positioned as an environment with multiple holes to facilitate the existence of hydrobiology. Furthermore, the school should assigned staff to record and maintain the bio-resources in the campus. Teachers could use them to carry out environmental education, teach students to love and protect all creatures, and maintain campus environment jointly to prevent from over disturbance on them. It is believed that the campus could be operated as the best place for environmental education, which is the best biotope, according to the practices described above.
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