| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北大學 === 公共行政暨政策學系碩士在職專班 === 93 === The shifting-out movement of Taiwan’s manufacturing sector has been incessantly increased since 1991, due to the overwhelming globalization, the change of domestic business environment, and the release of government control on industry’s investment in China. This trend continuously raises discussion about “deindustrialization phenomenon” and presents metamorphosis shown in the content of Taiwan’s industrial structure as well.
To understand the real content of current Taiwan’s industrial restructuring and the impact of above-mentioned transformation, this research applies several approaches including descriptive statistics, index analysis, and regression analysis to examine the following issues: 1) interpretation of deindustrialization phenomenon; 2) contents of the adjustment of manufacturing structure; and 3) impacts from the manufacturing structure adjustment. Results of this research are concluded as follows.
1. Deindustrialization should be viewed as one of the processes of economic development rather than the negative economic status caused by degenerate economic strength. From our empirical analyses, we conclude that there is no hollowing-out effect for Taiwan’s manufacturing sector as a whole but for some particular industries, whereas some other industries gain strength in their competitiveness.
2. The characteristic of manufacturing sector has shifted to technology-intensive. The transformation trajectory of Taiwan’s industrial structure indicates that Taiwan’s manufacturing sector adequately exploits the chance of adjustment whenever they met the severe challenges from outside. Since 1997, the correlation between the value-added (VA) share of each industry in the manufacturing sector and the percentage change of its labor productivity shows a gradual and increasing manner. Furthermore, this VA share is also positively correlated with each industry’s exports and foreign direct investment in Taiwan. On the contrary, the correlation between the VA share and the salary index for the industry is negative. The VA share of manufacturing sector in GDP has no significant change in the last decade. This nearly steady status is worth further investigation to see whether the development of Taiwan’s manufacturing sector has reached the mature level.
3. The adjustment of industry structure has its affirmative role on contribution to Taiwan’s economic growth. Therefore, the government can use it as means of assisting to accomplish the goal of economic development. Under the condition of Taiwan’s relatively scarce human resources, the government should encourage technological R&D and improve the flexibility of labor market so that human resource will be directed to more efficient sectors. Not only the lack of labor force can then be solved, the goal of economic development and best economic welfare will also be achieved.
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