Effects of Environmental Factor, Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth Substances on the Growth and Flower Quality of Phalaenopsis spp. with Flower Stalk After Transport

• Main Authors: Meng-Yun Chen, 陳孟妘
• Other Authors: Chi-Ning Chang
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2005
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39110624029916127806

碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 園藝學研究所 === 93 === Only bare rooted Phalaenopsis plants can be exported to the United States from Taiwan in the past. Bare rooted plants may suffer from severe stresses such as water deficiency, darkness, and low temperature while transporting. In order to improve the orchid flower quality after transport, this study discussed the effects of orchid mycorrhizal fungi（R02, R02, R04）, light, fertilizer and plant growth substances（PGS）on the growth and development of Phalaenopsis spp. Hopefully, good managements and treatments could help the orchid industry in Taiwan. In P. Sogo Yukidian × Taisuso Snow, the application of PGS or inoculating with orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) R04 for three months, the chlorophyll meter reading ( CMR) declined. The application of Lysine #3 and Aminosong prior to transport could increase leaf number of P. Sogo Yukidian × Taisuso Snow , and if the plants were inoculated with R04 would be even better. The application of PGS or inoculating with R01 on Dtps. Plum Rose × Fu Shin Wine would reduce the CMR, yet spraying choline chloride (CC) 300 ppm and Inositol l50 ppm could increase leaf span and leaf number of this red flower orchid. The application of choline chloride (CC) 300 ppm and Inositol 150 ppm on either P. Sogo Yukidian × Taisuso Snow or Dtps. Plum Rose × Fu Shin Wine prior to transport could increase leaf span. While to apply Lysine #3 500 ppm and Aminosong 500 ppm could improve the flower stalk emergence rate and number of flowers after transport. Flower stalk emergence rate of P. Sogo Yukidian × Taisuso Snow would be improved by Lysine #3 and Aminosong treatment prior to transport on those plants previously inoculated with Rhizoctonia spp. of OMF. Inoculating R01 for three months could increase the number of leaves and leaf span of P. Sogo Yukidian × Taisuso Snow. Inoculating R02 can promote leaf span of Dtps. Plum Rose × Fu Shin Wine. These results showed that inoculating orchids with OMF could enhance vegetative growth of orchid, which might be resulted in the higher uptake and use of water and nutrients. The growth of orchid plants under low light have higher chlorophyll meter reading（CMR）then those grower under higher light intensity.. Inoculating R01 and R02 could enhance the growth of P. Sogo Yukidian × Taisuso Snow after simulated dark transport. The result in this experiment showed that the quality of orchid flower was primarily affected by light intensity, while effects of OMF was the second. Light, fertilizer and OMF would affect the flower bud abortion after simulated dark transport significantly. High light（12,800 lux） and OMF could increase the total flower number of P. Sogo Yukidian × Taisuso Snow after simulated dark transport. Light could promote the total flower number of Dtps. Plum Rose × Fu Shin Wine significantly. In P. Sogo Yukidian × Taisuso Snow, using 15-20-25 fertilizer without inoculating OMF has the highest flower stalk emergence rate. In Dtps. Plum Rose × Fu Shin Wine, using 20-20-20 fertilizer and inoculating with R02 has the highest flower stalk emergence rate. During simulated dark transport, the use of LED could prevent CMR to break down and increase bolting rate. Abscisic acid （ABA）, 6-Benzylaminopurine（BA）, CaCl2, salicylic acid (SA) , jasmonic acid (JA), Lysine #3 and Lysine #25 were sprayed prior or post to simulated dark transport. Results showed that using jasmonic acid (JA) 30ppm before transport reduced the flower bud abortion rate, but also inhibited plant growth which resulted in bad flower quality. Although the application of 6-Benzylaminopurine（BA）30ppm prior transport would increase flower bud abortion, but this treatment also increased diameter and total number of flowers. Therefore, BA treatment prior to transport improve the quality of flowers after transport, and showed higher value than spraying other PGS. In summary, application of CC + Inositol could promote the growth of Phalaenopsis orchid and application of Lysine #3 + Aminosong could increase flower quality after transport. It was suggested that the application of PGS could be carried out during small and middle age stages for orchid plant. Also the application of PGS could be changed from 7 to 6 times. It was suggested that the application of Lysine #3 + Aminosong for 6 times within 3 months and then applied CC + Inositol for another 3 months could enhance the growth of orchids. Sprayed BA prior or post to transport could improve the quality and number of orchid flower. Light intensity was primarily important for the flower stalk emergence rate and number of flower. Higher light intensity would be beneficial to the quality of flower than low light. During transport, the use of LED could improve the growth and flower after transport. Effect of fertilizer is not conspicuous, and Peters 20-20-20 may be stable for all stage of this orchid plants. Inoculating with R01 and R02 could promote white flower Phalaenopsis orchid growth; while inoculating with R02 and R04 would be beneficial for red flower of Phalaenopsis orchid.