| Summary: | 碩士 === 臺北醫學大學 === 藥學系 === 93 === Objective: To evaluate clinical outcomes of subjects whose therapy was converted from other ARBs to candesartan, determine the efficacy and safety of candesartan in patients with hypertension, and patients’ satisfaction. Efficacy analysis was the changes in blood pressure and number of patients meeting their goal blood pressure before and after therapeutic interchange. Safety analysis was to evaluate if patients have side effects or severe adverse drug reaction.
Methods: A non-randomized, open-labeled and self-controlled study. All eligible outpatients taking candesartan entered into the study from August 2004 to November 2004. After converting to candesartan, baseline and blood pressure during 2 to 4-week, 12-week and 24-week clinic visits were compared to assess efficacy. The rate of subjects attaining blood pressure goal after conversion were compared to baseline. Side effects were followed up by telephone interview at 2 to 4, 12 and 24 weeks. Patients’ satisfaction with outcome of therapeutic interchange was assessed. The values of blood pressure and side effects were recorded and collected.
Results: Eligible outpatients were 586 patients, and 494 patients were enrolled in the study and completed the first evaluation by telephone interview. The 494 interviewed patients had a mean age of 61.7 ± 12.4 years, 53% were male and 47% were female. Mean baseline blood pressure, 2 to 4 - week, 12 - week, and 24 - week after drug conversion were 143.3/86.1, 140.8/84.1, 137.9/82.9, and 137.0/82.6 mmHg, respectively（p<0.01 vs. baseline）. The rate of subjects achieving blood pressure goal were 142（37%）at baseline, 142（37%）at 2 to 4 weeks, and 160（41%）at 12 weeks（p values no significant difference vs. baseline）and 182（47%）at 24 weeks（p< 0.01 vs. baseline）, respectively. The incidence of side effects at 2 to 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks were 21%（n=103）, 6%（n=26）, and 1%（n=4）, respectively（p<0.001 vs. 2 to 4 weeks, p=0.001 vs. 12 weeks）. Sixty-eight（15% of all subjects）discontinued candesartan due to side effects or unsatisfying blood pressure. Patients’ satisfaction at 2 to 4, 12, and 24 weeks were 428（87%） of the 494 patients, 400（94%）of the 425 patients and 378（97%）of the 389 patients, respectively（P>0.05 vs. 2 to 4 weeks）.
Conclusions: There were 494 patients enrolled in the study and 389 （79%）patients completed the study. Patients who can tolerate the conversion from ARBs to candesartan at least six months achieved better blood pressure control. Most side effects appeared during 2 to 4 weeks and resolved steadily with time, and no serious adverse drug reactions happened. Approximately 90 percentages of patients were satisfied with clinical outcomes of therapeutic interchange. Candesartan is an appropriate substitution for other angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blockers.
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