| Summary: | 碩士 === 佛光人文社會學院 === 未來學系碩士班 === 94 === The word “Utopia" was from a novel by Thomas More who was an English political philosopher. “Utopia” means impassable dreams, which have negative intention. However, “Utopia” still had abundant attraction to us. It could be proven by many imitated "Utopia" works. This kind of thought was the original type of socialism, but up to now the socialism had many kinds of stages in this world. Briefly speaking, the socialism was complex, had four characteristics: the opposition to the private ownership, the implementation of socialist society, the welfare state, and the socialism intention-of getting rid to material dependence.
Therefore this research want to discuss the classical socialism: present significance and its future. To compare Thomas More’s Utopia with the Buddhist community in Tan Buddhism, its comparison project was as follows: geographical environment and organization, administration and occupation, legal system, life and work, educational system, religious life, economic system, foreign relations and so on. It had some preliminary discoveries. Except the institution comparison, many research approaches and research methods to be adopted inspect "Utopia" and the Buddhist community.
"Utopia" was a novel, therefore it was unable to confirm. But Buddhist communities in China still exist in the past and today. So, the classical socialism still has its reference value today. Moreover the classical socialism brings another great contribution, and the classical socialism has provided us prefect, beautiful and ideal intention in the future. Buddhist community in Tang Buddhism in China might assume that the classical socialism still could not get rid of its negative impression. No matter how, people should have a passion with its ideal or truth. Finally, not only socialism but also all post-capitalism and post-socialism are tending “third way”.
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