| Summary: | 博士 === 國立交通大學 === 經營管理研究所 === 94 === Neo-Confucian System Theory (NCST), which was derived by Prof. Kuo-hsiang Lin from both Traditional Chinese systematic thinking theory and Western systems science, consists of an analytic method and a qualitative decision-making structure in order to simplify the complicated and disordered system. NCST is mainly composed of three important subsystems：Yin-Yang-based system, Wu-Hsing（五行）-based system, and the Triadic Talents（三才）. In chapter 2, two axiomatic definitions, four operational definitions, seven axioms, and four laws have been proposed to be the theoretical foundation for the Yin-Yang-based system theory on the one hand, and to be used as the analytic tools for business management on the other hand,. The author applies the Yin-Yang-based system theory to both consumer’s and producer’s activities through the relational structure of managerial variables. He explains that the Wu-Hsing-based system is a one-way causal cyclical system in which seventeen axioms, three operational definitions, and two theorems are proposed.
Yin-Yang-based system is the passive developmental system of NCST. It can be laid out through related axioms by the order of Earth(地), Man(人) and Heaven(天). Integration of the Yin-Yang-based system and the Wu-Hsing-based system via the related axiom makes five elements of both hsiang-sheng(相生) and hsiang-ke(相剋) of any one-way causal cycle in business and management be able to be drawn. Since those five elements satisfy collective exhaustivity of Wu-Hsing, one can calculate and test the correlation coefficients for each reasonable pair of these elements and, in turn, conclude whether each correlation is significant and whether its corresponding hsiang-sheng or hsiang-ke is functioning. In other words, one can come up with important correct decision-makings based on the realistic sheng-ke(生剋) relationship and the smoothness of Wu-Hsing hsiang-sheng cycle . The author provides the theoretical background for the structure of the Neo-Confucian qualitative decisions. He uses the structure as an analytic method for business management, too.
Using the concept of Managerial Control Ratios proposed by Bela Gold(1972), the author deduces eight causal chains from industrial operation data in chapter 3. It can be empirically utilized to find out “critical chain” by performance indices within certain classification/group in an industry for the sake of performance improvement. He also points out the irregular simultaneity of Wu-Hsing Sheng-Ke regression models and the necessity of weighting these models in economic regressions. The important achievements reached in this chapter are：derivation of the unbiased estimators and their variances, derivation of t test-statistics for both regression coefficients and their corresponding correlation coefficients, and the method to measure their corresponding inductive logic probabilities. It seems that the Wu-Hsing Sheng-Ke weighted regressions already depart from the traditional best linear unbiased estimations and bring out the new concept of real degrees of freedom.
Deriving from the ideas of the Neo-Confucian System Theory, the Structure of Qualitative Decision-Making, and the Wuli（物理）- Shili（事理）- Renli （人理）(WSR) approach discussed above, the author works on the mixed analysis of Wu-Hsing and Eight-Trigrams(八卦) in chapter 4. He examines and evaluates the qualitative decision-making of the Industry of Transport Equipments and Precision Instruments Manufacturing in Taiwan Area from the perspective of I(義) and Li(利) using data from the 1996 Census Sampling File. The conclusion ends up with that Jong-I-Ching-Li(重義輕利) in such an industry means private interests must not be the only or major consideration. Thus, good interactions between public benefits and private interests should be the premise of achieving better quality of decision-making and higher level of accountability, which is so-called I-Li-Shuang-Hsing(義利雙行). After clarifying the distinction between I and Li, and defining the tendency of I and Li between both employees and employers, the author has several findings which may serve as references for business practitioners.
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