| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立東華大學 === 資訊工程學系 === 94 === Recent advances in hardware and wireless communication technologies have designed low-cost, low-power, multifunctional sensor devices. These hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes are spread across a geographical area to monitor ambient condition such as temperature, sound and light. These sensor nodes cooperate with each other to establish a sensing network that can provide access to surrounding information anytime, anywhere. Wireless sensor network has been adopted in various applications (e.g., health, military, security, factory automation, environmental monitoring). The sensor nodes are typically restricted by energy, storage capacity and computing ability. They have finite energy supplied by batteries which can not be recharged owing to the scale of sensor network. Therefore, reducing power consumption is a critical issue in sensor networks. The power consumption in wireless sensor networks can be categorized into two parts: communication and computation. Communication is the major consumer of power. A good routing protocol can reduce the power consumption of communication and prolong the lifetime of sensor network.
In this thesis, we introduce a new cluster-based routing protocol that combines the table-driven intra-cluster routing and on-demand inter-cluster routing by changing the relationship between clusters for sensor networks. The advantages of cluster-based routing are to reduce the communication traffic and information storage and avoid frequent network topology changes. The proposed routing protocol is primarily based on the net mask and gateway of traditional network subnet. In traditional network environment, while the packets are sent to the Internet, the computer compares each packet’s destination by comparing it with net mask to determine whether it is in the local subnet. If the destination is in outer subnet, then the computer forwards packets to the outer subnet passing through the responsible gateway. Accordingly, the sensor nodes are split into several clusters as subnets, and the border nodes in the adjacent clusters around the local cluster acting as border gateways are responsible for the route to other adjacent clusters.
Applying the protocol in sensor networks can reduce packets flooding throughout the network and improve the routing efficiency. Simulation results showed that about 40% of control overhead can be diminished compared to Dynamic Source Routing protocol (DSR) and Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing protocol (AODV).
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