| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺東大學 === 教育研究所 === 94 === The Life and Death Views from Confucianism and Taoism Reflecting on Life Education
The research is to discuss the profound meanings of life and death in Confucianism and Taoism. The approaches taken were literature review, reading ancient scriptures, and finally inducting a conclusion. The conclusion was used to reflect the current life education and provide a guide for future use.
Confucius said “how can life be known if death unknown?” Confucius clearly expressed the idea that the meaning life cannot be understood if we do not explore the meaning of death first. Contrary to Confucianism, Taoism appreciates life itself, believe that life should not be traded for anything, and shall go with the flow. The mission of this thesis is to explore the differences between to two beliefs and to reflect the findings on elementary schools’ life education.
First of all, Confucianism’s life education is moral-based, therefore it emphasis more on the meaning than the phenomenon. Mencius said “trade life for justice” for the righteousness of the society. The propelling of life education and differentiating the value of life will be a lifetime issue. The conflicts between justice and benefit in Confucianism, and the Multiple Intelligences in Taoism are both important guilds in life education’s propelling.
Second, Zhuangzi believe that life and body should be appreciated, value of life be established from desire less, unselfishness, be simple minded, and go with the flow. People should live a simple life and not demanding for more money and better job title; contentment is the real fortune.
Third, avoid forcing younger to accept elder’s personal values towards life. Life education is about interaction and value exchange, not pushing younger to accept anything beyond their age.
Finally, the doctrines in life education may need modification overtime. The author suggests that when designing life education curriculum in the future, projector should take both Confucianism and Taoism into consideration; and should reflect the appropriation of Taoism in modern society.
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