| Summary: | 博士 === 淡江大學 === 管理科學研究所博士班 === 94 === The traditional economic order quantity model assumes that the retailer must pay for the items as soon as the items are received. As a matter of fact, a supplier often offers his retailers a period of time, perhaps 30 days, to settle the amount owed to him. Usually, there is no interest charge if the outstanding amount is paid within the permissible delay period of 30 days. Note that this credit term in financial management is denoted as “net 30”. However, if the payment is not paid in full by the end of the permissible delay period, then interest is charged on the outstanding amount under the terms and conditions agreed upon.
Next, The effect of deterioration of physical goods cannot be disregarded in many inventory systems. Deterioration is defined as decay, damage or spoilage. Fresh vegetables and fruit, milk, meat, fish and see foods, pharmaceuticals, drugs, blood, gasoline, alcohol, perfumes, photographic films, chemicals, electronic components and radioactive substances are some examples of items in which sufficient deterioration may occur during the normal storage period of the units and consequently this loss must be taken into account while analyzing the inventory system.
For fashionable commodities, trendy apparel, and high-tech products with short product life cycle, the willingness for a customer to wait for backlogging during a shortage period is diminishing with the length of the waiting time. Hence, the longer the waiting time is, the smaller the backlogging rate would be. To reflect this phenomenon, In this dissertation, we provided two distinct backlogging rates to be decreasing functions of waiting time.
Meanwhile, we can find the relationship between demand rate and price. The demand for the item is a downward sloping function of price. Here, we assume that demand is a constant elasticity of the price.
Last, we establish an appropriate EPQ model, in which the manufacturer receives the supplier trade credit M and provides the customer trade credit N simultaneously. (Assumed N M). As a result, the proposed model is in a general framework that includes numerous previous models as special cases. Furthermore, we provide an easy-to-use closed-form optimal solution to the problem for any given price.
This dissertation is consisted of five chapters. In chapter 1, an introduction about the study is given. In chapter 2, we presented the model for the retailer to find the optimal ordering policy for deteriorating items with partial backlogging under permissible delay in payments. In chapter 3, we discussed the optimal payment time for the retailer under permitted delay of payment by the wholesaler. In chapter 4, we studied the manufacturer’s optimal pricing and lot-sizing policies under trade credit financing. Finally, in chapter 5, we concluded some crucial points and provided some future research topics for this thesis.
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