| Summary: | 碩士 === 中原大學 === 化學工程研究所 === 95 === Abstract
In this study, Response Surface Methodology was used to find out the processing optimization conditions and to discuss the interaction between the factors. The amounts of catalyst and methanol are the important factors in the transesterification reaction as well as the ratio for raw materials. The free fatty acid (FFA) in the oil will react with alkali-catalyst to produce soap. As water presented in the reaction, the yield is decreased also as shown in the literature. Therefore the small amount of catalyst will affect the quality of biodiesel. The factor of reaction time is unaffected on the viscosity and the yield of the oil. When the reaction time is increased, it can’t increase the yield and decrease the viscosity. However, more catalyst of NaOH in the reaction will increase the yield, but the soap formation increased also. When the catalysts react with FFA which will decrease the yield and increase the viscosity. The yield of methyl ester is directly proportional to the amounts of methanol. As NaOH dissolved in the methanol, it will produce water, which will promote soap reaction in the transesterification reaction. It also produces soap in final washing step for washing out the excess of methanol. The optimization conditions is 90 mins of reaction time, the molar ratio of oil to methanol is 1:8.4, the amounts of catalyst is 1.5 wt%, which correspond to the yield of biodiesel of 95.6 wt%.
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