| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 政治經濟學研究所 === 95 === Water resources are precious but limited natural possessions and significant to people’s livings. If the water resources could not be allocated well, the related problems will grow. The water shortage problems are not only related to rainfall, geographic landform, climate, populations, and economic activities, but also allocation, supply, and management of water resources. Hence, water shortage has become an important issue in our country.
This study aims to discuss the factors of water shortage from the viewpoints of political-economics, nature, and management. Natural factors cover special geographic structure, geological structure, and climate change. Management factors include sediment deposit, water turbidity, soil conservation, water nutrition, pipeline leaking, water pollution, water waste, and water organizations. From the management perspective, the importance of water shortage factors is assessed to understanding the critical factors. The analytic hierarchy process was used to evaluate the water shortage factors to promote the rationalization of strategy formulation. The results show that higher important facts are water waste, soil conservation, and pipeline leaking.
Besides, the white book of water resource strategy was investigated, and the development, management, and expenditure regarding the water resources are described systematically. According to the implementation keynotes of current water resources, the related strategies are analyzed and concluded. The SWOT method was used to investigate the advantages and shortages of water shortage solution strategies. The relationships between factors and strategies are clarified, and the strategies are ranked using synthesized judgment method.
The results show that the ranking order of strategies are water resource dispatch, water resource development, promote water economization, water authorization adjustment, water price adjustment, water organization reorganization, and water pipeline maintenance. It is apparent that the strategy of water resource dispatch is most important to reflect the necessitation of inter-support of water resources. The second priority strategy of proper water resource development indicate that the water resources development still have to be enhanced, but influenced by political and environmental protection factors. The promotion of water economization can also produce certain utilities during the period of water shortage.
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