IDEALOGY, HISTORY AND NARRATIVE－THE SOCIATAL RESEARCH OF TAIWAN’S ANTI-COMMUNISM LITERATURE IN 1950S’

• Main Authors: Kang-Fen Chen, 陳康芬
• Other Authors: Kuen -Iang Ian
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2006
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jd2cyx

博士 === 國立東華大學 === 中國語文學系 === 95 === Taiwan’s Anti-Communist fictions became the major category of literature in 1950s because of the literary policy held by Kuo-Min-Ttang.（K.M.T.）It was caused by two historical experiences. The first one was the mutually beneficial relation of the Leftist Revolution Literature and Chinese Communist Party.（C.C.P.）The second one was the influence that C.C.P. led to publicize people in literary propaganda in The Unitary War Line to Fight Japan. Both The China Literary Association and The China Council of Rewards established by Chang Dao- Fan（張道藩）under the order of Chiang Kai–shek（蔣介石）were official. They were the medium of Taiwan Anti-Communist literature, which was attributed to publicize the literary stratege from Three Principles of the People（三民主義）－the ideology of founding a nation hold by K.M.T. This ideology influnenced the development of modern literature in Taiwan after the World War Ⅱ. It was responsible for the emphasis on politics rather than on the art. The purpose of the Literary Movement in Army in 1951 was to make the power of the army controlled by K.M.T. solid. The movement and the history in China were closely entwined. It also showed the trace of the imagination of modern China. The Culture Cleaninng Movement I n 1954 was a social phenomenon controlled by K.M.T. It didn’t last long, but influenced the literary system and contributed to the unblalanced field in literature because of the intervening politics. The Fighting Literary Movement in 1956 was another phenomenon of the intervention of the K.M.T. By exercising the policy, K.M.T. nourished certain genres of literature as the media of their political ideology. In the meanwhile, this movement also resulted in the decline of the anti-communist fiction and the disapproval of The Modernist Poetics in 1960s. The social and economical development started, looking for their autonomous principle of hierarchization. There were three important categories of discourses in the system of Taiwan Anti-Communism Literature: the discourse of official anti-communism literature, the May Fourth tradition of Chinese Modern Literature and Taiwanese Modernism in 1960s. The vicissitudes of these three reflected the competition of the tradition, modernization and modernity. They are hard to be conformed to the development of modern society in Taiwan. The narrative of Taiwan’s anti-communist fiction are borrowed from the left writers in China. The novelists use the following three kinds of value to enhance the foundations of their ideal: the value of humanism in May Fourth Liberalism, the value of good and evil in Christianity and the value of morality in Confucianism. According to the three kinds of value, Taiwanese anti-communist fictions deny the authority of C.C.P.in China. The values also show the dislike for the discourse of modernity in the left revolution literature. The reality of Republic of China in Taiwan and the civil war between K.M.T. and C.C.P. resulted a nationalized narrative,, which is different from the one of the left revolutional literature in China. Furthermore, as the representative of the right in China, the ideology of founding nation built by K.M.T. becomes the only one. This single ideology limits the development of the local literature in Taiwan. The curb includes anti-Japan consciousness, nationalism of Taiwanese race and sustainability of humanism and the utopian localism.