An investigation on fuel properties and characteristics of engine performance of biodiesel produced by supercritical fluid technique

• Main Authors: Chiao-Lei Fan, 范巧蕾
• Other Authors: Cherng-Yuan Lin
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2007
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59503231894559993718

碩士 === 國立臺灣海洋大學 === 輪機工程系 === 95 === 摘要(英) Biodiesel which is produced from vegetable oil, animal fat or used cooking oil has been considered as clean fuel or fuel additive. Raw oil, alcohol and catalyst are generally reacted under subcritical pressure to produce biodiesel. In this study, supercritical methanol technique is applied to produce boidiesel by using used cooking oil and Camellia oleifera Abel oil as raw material in order to curtail transesterification time and production cost. The biodiesel is thereafter analyzed its fuel properties and engine performance for further improvement of process. The experimental results show that the effects of contents of water and free fatty acids in raw oil are insignificant on transesterification reaction and therefore this technique can be applicable to most of raw oils. In addition, no catalyst is required in this process and thus the costs of catalyst additive and removal are reduced. In comparison with those properties of the commercial biodiesel, the biodiesel of used cooking oil has higher heating value, flash point, specific gravity and water content while lower kinematic viscosity, carbon residue and cetane index. The biodiesel of Camellia oleifera Abel oil has higher flash point and specific gravity while lower heating value, kinematic viscosity, water content, carbon residue and cetane index than those of the commercial biodiesel. In the aspect of engine characteristics, the biodiesel of used cooking oil appeared to have lower fuel consumption rate, bsfc, excess air and O2 emission while higher brake fuel conversion rate, equivalence ratio, CO, CO2 and NOx emissions than the properties of the commercial biodiesel. The biodiesel of Camellia oleifera Abel oil, in comparison with those of the commercial biodiesel has larger fuel consumption rate, bsfc, equivalence ratio, CO, CO2 and NOx emissions, while lower brake fuel conversion rate, excess air, exhaust gas temperature and O2 emission.