| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 農藝學研究所 === 95 === Many countries promote organic agriculture because it helps preserving environment, promoting rural economy, and providing high quality and safe food. The Taiwan government actions to promote organic agriculture since 1995, but by now the acreage is only 1700 hectares, which is about 0.2% of total agricultural land. The main cause can be lacking of sound organic regulation and supporting policies. This thesis aims to study the regulations and policies of organic agricultural in European Union, the United States and Japan, the results of which may contribute to the establishment of organic legislation and policy in Taiwan.
To provide the basic knowledge, Chapter 1 reviews the origin and the global situation of organic agriculture. Chapter 2 analyses the developmental history and the context of main international organic regulations, which will reveal the importance of organic regulation. The following two chapters compare organic regulations of some countries. Chapter 3 focuses on the organic crop production standards. It concludes that Taiwan should amend the regulation of organic seed and farm inputs. Chapter 4 focuses on the regulations of accreditation, certification, label and imports as well as points out the insufficiencies in Taiwan organic regulation and providing the suggestions to amend it. In Chapter 5 the organic policies of European Union and the United States are described. It will assist Taiwan government to development the organic policy through learning the experiences of policies development in other countries. Chapter 6 shows the present situation and the future trends of organic research and education in the European countries and in the United States as well. Chapter 7 summaries the important conclusions of this study and proposes that Taiwan should: (1) establish a comprehensive organic regulation instead of the act of certification; (2) strengthen the rules of organic crop standard; (3) develop regulations of accreditation, certification, label and import which are effective and recognized by other countries; (4) design a national organic label that can be clearly distinguished and recognized; (5) development a national integrated organic policy; and (6) provide the national organic research program and proceeds in an interdisciplinary and integrated approach.
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