The properties of aqueous electrolyte solutions

• Main Authors: Chun-Yi Kao, 郭春億
• Other Authors: none
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2007
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36700958409648847225

碩士 === 靜宜大學 === 應用化學研究所 === 95 === The physical properties of aqueous electrolyte solutions are important in many industrial processes. Aqueous electrolyte solutions are particularly interesting liquids which have been used as buffer solutions in biochemistry. Besides, it can be widely applied to analytic chemistry, physical chemistry, photoelectric chemistry, organic chemistry, and electric chemistry. Although aqueous electrolyte solutions have been proposed to satisfy specific conditions required for such systems as air-cooled absorption chillers, low-temperature heat-driven heat pumps, and solar-powered absorption chillers, it suffers from numerous limitations which need to be understood. The thermophysical properties of working fluids must be always examined, because these properties play a great role in the successful design and operation of air-cooled absorption chillers. In our investigation, we were measured the density, viscosity, refractive index, conductivity, and solubility for eight binary aqueous electrolytes (ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, sodium nitrate, or sodium sulfate) solutions from 298.15K to 328.15 K, up to the concentrations of saturation. Densities were determined using a vibrating-tube densimeter. Viscosities were measured with an automatic rolling-ball viscometer. Refractive indexes were measured with a thermostated automatic Abbe refractometer. Conductivities were measured by using with a fully automatic, multi-function instrument for aqueous solution. Solubilities were determined by using the analytical gravimetric method. The results were correlated with the concentration of aqueous electrolyte solutions using polynomial equations. These data are useful in the process design for industries to improve the process of industry.