| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北科技大學 === 環境規劃與管理研究所 === 95 === With increased environmental concerns during last decades, awareness of enterprises has pervaded that issues of environmental pollution accompanying industrial development should be addressed together with supply chain management. This implies that environmental initiatives are well beyond the perimeters of firms and environmental impact must be tackled across the full range of supply chain. Environmental risks associated with the inbound supply chain are found to be complicated because the risks not only rise from traditional view of supply chain but also include environmental impact of supply chain, especially after EU passes several environmental related directives, such as WEEE, RoHS and EuP. In order to maintain the competitive advantage, a company must mitigate environmental risks in the early stage of its supply chain management.
Environmental risks within a supply chain management usually can be categorized into two aspects, risk of suppliers and components. The risk of suppliers that derive mainly from procurement, warehouse, process, and testing procedures and enterprises usually implement the selection and evaluation for suppliers as an approach to mitigate risks. However, this procedure can not ensure all the environmental risks be prevented. Furthermore, it is impossible for incoming quality control (IQC) unit to check hundreds and thousands of parts and components one by one. This implies that huge risks may be associated with parts and components which provided by the OEM/ODM manufacturers, and to develop a risk assessment framework for parts and components is essential.
In this study, the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), a risk assessment tool, and is often used by industry for detecting potential defects of product design and process planning was utilized to analyze and assess risks of parts and components regarding RoHS directives in the incoming quality control (IQC) stage. The framework for risk evaluation consists of four risk factors, the occurrence (O) refers to the testing report, the likelihood of being detected (D) refers to the likelihood of parts being detected, and severity (S) refers to the declaration statement, the cite frequency for project. By assigning scores 1 to 10 with respect to the severity of S, O, and D and multiplying the S, O, and D, a Green Component-Risk Priority Number (GC-RPN) can be obtained and the severity of the risks of each part or component can be determined. The GC-RPN value can be used to prioritize which components have high risk and enhance the inspection for IQC. Furthermore, this method also can mitigate the risk in the early stage of GSCM and assist procurement personnel to judge on the decision-making of components.
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