| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立陽明大學 === 物理治療學系暨研究所 === 95 === Background and purpose: Recently, in Taiwan, more and more people are interested in marathon competitions. Marathon running is frequently associated with many emergent medical events. However, ultra-marathon related information was scarce. From past to now, sudden death and failure were the most serious urgent medical problems. In the past studies of marathons, the change of related variables of physiology and psychology may account for this. Cortisol is the hormone to reflect stress , but the influence and recovery of prolonged marathon on these hormones was controversial and lacking. Recently, hypo-natremia was an increasing problem due to over-consumption. Additionally, the damage-related biomarkers of organs in different marathons were still not extensively comprehended in Taiwan. We equally don’t comprehend the recovery course after different marathons. The purpose of the study was to (1) investigate the effects of the marathon competition in stress hormones and other physiological biomarkers, and to (2) determine the course of recovery in the following days after marathon competition and (3) compare immediate response among different marathons.
Method: 21 participants (13 for 24hr sub-type and 8 for 12hr sub-type respectively) in the 2006 Taipei IAU (International Association of Ultrarunners) ultra-marathon competition (24hr and 12hr group) and 20 participants in the 2006 Taipei ING marathon competition (general group) were recruited about 1 week before the race. Blood. saliva and urine samples were collected pre-race. immediate post-race and 3rd .7th (only for ultramarathon type) day post-race to reflect the baseline. immediate effect and the recovery status respectively. Additionally, body weight was measured at pre- and post-race. One way ANOVA and chi-square were used to compare basic characteristics. biomarkers and immediate responses among different groups. One way repeated measures ANOVA to compare variables in repeated different time points in individual marathon.
Results: Of 41 runners enrolled, there were no significant difference in basic characteristics and other biomarkers (except for sIgA). Compared post-race with baseline value, in the portion of homeostasis body weight was significantly decreased in 12hr (p <0.05) and general (p <0.001) group. The concentration of sodium was significantly increased in general group (p <0.001) and decreased in other groups (p <0.001). The concentration of potassium was significantly increased in all groups (p <0.05 for 24hr and general group, p<0.001 for 12 hr group). In the portion of stress hormone, the concentration of cortisol was significantly increased in 24hr (p <0.05) and general group (p <0.001). In the portion of global damage, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was significantly increased in 12hr (p <0.05) and general group (p <0.001). In the portion of cardiac damage, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) was only significantly increased in 24hr group (p <0.001), but as for another biomarker, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), there was no significant change in all group (p >0.05). In the portion of liver damage, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was significantly increased in 24hr (p <0.001) and 12hr (p <0.05) groups. In the portion of kidney (or muscle) damage, creatinine (crea) was significantly increased in 12hr (p <0.05) and general group (p <0.001). In the recovery day, most values nearly returned to baseline in 24hr and 12hr groups in 7th day post-race (except for LDH and ALT) .Nevertheless those can nearly return to baseline in 3rd day post-race in general group. Comparing the immediate effects of different marathons, we found that it was 24hr group that the extent influenced by individual marathon was greatest in LDH.CK-MB.ALT and AST.
Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that (1) different types of marathons caused inconstant physiological inflenences in damage-related biomarkers and (2) the prolonged ultramarathon compared with general type truly caused more inflences in physiological load and needed longer period to recover.
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