| Summary: | 博士 === 國立中正大學 === 犯罪防治所 === 96 === This article use the database from “The Etiology of Adolescent''s Substance Abuse: A Social Learning Model 1996-2001 National Health Research Institute” (DOH87-,88-HR-621), conducted by Professor Wu Chyi-In. Based on the six-year panel data and concept of the life course criminology, the author discovered new concepts and provided supporting evidences on the effect of protective factors (self efficacy , self regulatory efficacy), and risk factors (deviant peers, negative emotions) on the Taiwanese juvenile delinquency development.
Based on the author’s research, Taiwanese juvenile delinquency can be categorized to six groups. Different from the Western youth, Taiwanese juvenile delinquency is significantly different from the time period of junior high school to high school. The analysis shows that deviant peers can predict the delinquency of each trajectory group, or cause significant impact from junior high school to high school. Besides, deviant peers also serve the “platform” role, which connects or interacts the negative emotions and efficacy factors, agitating or mediating the delinquency development. The research result soothes the debate of control and social learning theory on the deviant peers. Through the interactive combinations, control and social learning theory yield legitimate explanations on the delinquency impact from the deviant peers.
From the aspect of negative emotion, the research result is in accordance with the core perspective of strain theory. The author found that the influence of anger is much higher than that of depression while comparing different trajectory groups,. It has been a long-term debate on the effect of co-occurrence of depression and delinquency in criminology and psychology. The debate includes four controversial points: stability, mutual influence, acting-out, and failure. By conducting the analysis model of groups and time period, the above mentioned four points were verified and proved. This article not only explains the cause of the different views, but also soothe the debate.
For the influence of the efficacy factors, the research result is accordance with Bandura’s efficacy theory; self and self regulatory efficacy can slow down the delinquency. The Analysis shows that the repelling situation between the self regulatory and deviant peers is quite obvious. Self-efficacy can suppress the delinquency during the junior high school. Furthermore, when analyzing the entire sample, this article discovers that efficacy factors can change the delinquency. During the junior high school, self-efficacy takes the lead, whereas the self regulatory takes the lead during the high school.
Recent researches on the juvenile delinquency most focus on the risk factors and less focus on the mutual relations between risk and protective factors. This article shows that self-efficacy and depression has a close relationship, the combination relationship causes strong impact on the delinquency. During the junior high school, the high self-efficacy takes the lead, whereas the high depression takes the lead during the high school. This theory is also well-proved on the interaction result between efficacy-depression and deviant peers.
Finally, this article emphasizes the potential influence of timing (turning points of the schooling) and sampling (trajectory groups) while conducting the life course criminology of juvenile delinquency research. Using this research approach, This article is more elucidated than other relevant articles in the past on the interaction effect among deviant peers, negative emotions and efficacy factors on the development of different time and groups. Improved research methods are also one of the major contributions in this article.
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