The Tao and the German Utopian Literature in the 20th Century: As Examples of "Die drei Sprünge des Wang Lun" und "Die Stadt hinter dem Strom"

• Main Authors: Huang, Mei-tin, 黃渼婷
• Other Authors: Kii-Ming Lo
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2008
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17124766749683488674

博士 === 輔仁大學 === 比較文學研究所 === 96 === Abstract Thomas More wrote his book Utopia in the 16th Century and has created the special meanings of this word “utopia” to be “a nice place” and “nowhere”. What he did enriched the development of utopian thought in Western World. Different people have cached parts of Mores idea for building their own imagination about utopia. Some of them also had the hope to improve the social situation by utopian thought. In 17th and at the beginning of 18th Century, the writers wrote utopian literary works to describe the good place, so that they might be comforted because they did not have such a nice place to live in the real world. In 18th Century, the “Island Literature” denied there should be a good place existing. They tended to build a new world by themselves instead of believing that God will give them one. In 19th Century, utopian thought emphasized the social aspect. Whether utopias exist or not, was not their main point. How to give their critics for improving their society was the important value of utopian thought. As to 20th Century, the utopian researchers treated utopia as a kind of existence order. The utopian consciousness pushed the innovation and change of utopian order. All of those utopian thinking indicate that utopian do not only exist, but also attach to our world closely. Utopian thought shows the hope of human beings about life. It exists in the utopian literature, and could be real world through the practicing of people who believe it. The research on utopia is developed under those consideration. In order to understand the richness of utopia thought, the utopists need more knowledge to observe the development of utopian thought and know how the utopian thought is accepted and presented. Therefore, Utopian theories are arising. Especially, the theory from Krishan Kumar and from Landauer has their outstanding place. Kumar has mentioned that the Chinese do not have utopia. What they had, came from Western World. Kumar’s statements are quite interesting, because we may consider about this issue more seriously. Besides, the German utopist Landauer mentioned that all utopias are kind of order system. How this thesis could be related Kumar’s theory? Is there any relation between utopian order of Western world and Chinese world? How will the western utopian thought be changed when they accept thoughts form China. This Dissertation focus on above questions, and will analyze two German utopian literary works: Die drei Spünge des Wang-lun (1915) and Die Stadt hinter dem Strom(1946) which are influenced by Taoism. Through this research , I hope to know more about the special literary form and utopian order of these two works when they accepted the order idea of Taoism. Keywords：Utopia, Utopian Order, Utopian Literatuer, Alfred Döblin, Herman Kasack