| Summary: | 碩士 === 華梵大學 === 東方人文思想研究所 === 96 === As far as academic research is concerned, Nyingmapa, which is one of the Tibetan Buddhism schools, has been criticized as a hidden teaching and its scripture is often regarded as Apocrypha due to its lack of organization and its rituals and teachings of term. This thesis is a tracing research and comparison study between "spyan-ras-gzigs cha-si-ba sgrub-thabs" and "spyan-ras-gzigs ritual" collected in Tibetan Scripture of Sde-dge Edition.
The present work is firstly to categorize all the "spyan-ras-gzigs" related sutras and rituals in the most well known Tibetan scriptures of Sde-dge and Peking Edition and make a tracing research of them. Secondly, based on the "spyan-ras-gzigs ritual" collected in Tibetan Scripture of Taipei Edition, two main objects are elucidated in this research: those are, the relations among "spyan-ras-gzigs cha-si-ba sgrub-thabs" and all the "spyan-ras-gzigs" rituals in Tibetan scriptures and most importantly, the thought and steps of practicing the secret Tantra. In addition, all the "spyan-ras-gzigs-sgrub-thabs" related practicing methods are unveiled in this study as well.
The result of this research is mainly the comparison among different editions of the “spyan-ras-gzigs cha-si-ba sgrub-thabs”. The most similar edition is the “Ḥphags-pa spyan-ras-gzigs dbaṅ-phyug-gi yi-ge drug-paḥi sgrub-paḥi thabs”, which can be found in “Rgyud”, No. 3332 of the Tibetan Scripture of Taipei Edition. “Spyan-ras-gzigs cha-si-ba sgrub-thabs” exists in most of the Tibetan schools. It is a simple Deity practice method, which is to observe and analyze the external objects. There are 18 differences between Taipei and Peking edition of Tibetan Scriptures. As far as the spelling, grammar and content are concerned, Taipei edition is more correct. The translators of “spyan-ras-gzigs cha-si-ba sgrub-thabs” were Ba-ri and Don-yod rdo-rje. They translated more than 30 rituals of Rgyud. Moreover, this ritual was originally written by Lhan-cig-skyes-pa rol-pa who was in the same age as Chohukuten. Thus, the “spyan-ras-gzigs” practice method should originate from Inda.
It is not correct to regard Nyingmapa as Apocrypha since Atisha’s work, Ḥphags-paspyan-ras-gzigs ḥjig-rten dbaṅ-phyug sgrub-paḥi thabs” is listed in the Tibetan scriptures of Sde-dge as No. 1893. Besides, Chung-An Lin Professor asserts in his book that Nyingma Gyübum is included in Taipei Edition and can also be found in Peking and Bkah-hgyur of Sde-dge. This is a evidence that Nyingmapa’s teachings were admitted as the Buddhism Tantra and included in the Tibetan Scriptures.
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