| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺南大學 === 材料科學系自然科學教育碩士班 === 96 === Prunella, a genus of the Lamiaceae, is distributed in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America, about 15 species. One species, P. vulgaris subsp. asitiaca, is distributed from seashores to high mountains at elevation of 3600 meters in Taiwan. The noncoding region sequences of the atpB-rbcL and trnL-trnF region of the chloroplast genome were used to conduct the phylogeographical study of P. vulgaris subsp. asitiaca in Taiwan. The cpDNA atpB-rbcL noncoding region had 905bp after alignment. Among these sequences, the amount of polymorphic sites was 18, nucleotide diversity was 0.00477, and haplotype diversity was 0.850±0.026. The cpDNA trnL-trnF noncoding region had 817 bp after alignment. Among these sequences, the amount of polymorphic sites was 26, nucleotide diversity was 0.00324, and haplotype diversity was 0.794±0.029. The low nucleotide diversity and high haplotype diversity indicated that species has suffered the bottleneck effect or the founder effect. During a period of time to propagate and colonize, the population has accumulated enough variations to increase the haplotype diversity. P. vulgaris subsp. asitiaca var. asiatica distributed from seashore to medium mountain area and P. vulgaris subsp. asitiaca var. nanhutashanensis distributed in high mountain area are not only different in morphology but also different in molecular data. Using the likelihood methodology to estimate the coalescent time, P. vulgaris subsp. asitiaca immigrated about 0.41-0.67 million years ago. In the beginning, it might immigrate to North Coast, and then southward colonized.
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