| Summary: | 碩士 === 東吳大學 === 德國文化學系 === 96 === Since Friedrich Fröbel (1782-1852) established the first kindergarten in 1840, pedagogues around the world began focusing on the early child, writing books to popularize early childhood education. In Taiwan today, kindergartens are very widespread, since cognitive education still plays a very important role in judging an individual’s learning ability and capacity. Young children need to begin acquiring as much knowledge in school, as early as possible, before entering elementary school. However, from Fröbel’s point of view, kids in early childhood should develop with their natural instincts. Besides, it is also important that they express their real and innate character.
In order to interpret the innate character of early children and the spirit of early childhood education, the second chapter of this essay will focus on Fröbel’s life, which influenced his occupation regarding education. Not only did his education introduce his famous book, “The Education of Human Nature” (Die Menschenerziehung), but it also conveyed many essential educational thoughts. In the third chapter, this study will explain the concept of “Gifts” (Spielgaben) by taking the basic forms such as six colored Balls, Sphere and Cube und Blocks as examples, and it will also discuss its inner significance of education in the fourth chapter. The last chapter, the fifth, will conclude this essay with three points: (1) The unified rule of everything in the world is godhead (Göttliches); (2) Early children experience the world by using their own hands and learn everything from concrete objects to abstract concepts; (3) The adults’company is very important while early children are playing “Gifts.”
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