| Summary: | 碩士 === 淡江大學 === 俄羅斯研究所碩士班 === 96 === “Aging Population” is one of the main issues that modern societies are facing. The advancing of medical technology not only decreases mortality, but also increases our standards of living. However, there are disadvantages of the advancements, which cause young couples unwilling to raise children. The main effect of population aging is increasing burden on working people. Therefore, the government needs to build a new social policy to ensure citizen’s retirement life.
Russia is already an aged country according to WHO. This situation makes the Russian government to pay more attention in order to protect the pensioners’ retirement life. Vladimir Putin, the president of Russia is more active in promoting welfare system.
Most welfare policies are from the USSR system, but these policies cause huge burdens to the Russian government. The government accepts suggestions from the World Bank, that build a pension system based on a “ Three-Pillar Model.” This new system not only decreases the burdens on the Russian government, but also can redistribute incomes. Never the less, it has serious flaws, too. Instead of actual help, elders get the national allowance. They think that the new system doesn’t help in their daily life, but actually makes their life harder, so they prefer the old one.
Except the economic security, elders also needs complete daily care, especially the chronic patients. Russians could get free medical resource, as long as they pay the insurance bill. However, there are still many defects to the system, and that’s why the Russian government should keep working on. There are several kinds of elderly care institutions, elders are able to choose one, which suit their own needs.
After society elders’ need in both economy and health, the rights of social participation all important, too. The government should build some life-learning institutions, so the elders can keep connection with the society. The pity is that the government doesn’t yet face the importance of elders’ spirits positively. In conclusion, building a welfare system for the elders needs to secure economy, health and spirit. When improving the country’s economic situation, the Russian government should advance its citizens’ welfare.
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