| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立雲林科技大學 === 環境與安全工程系碩士班 === 96 === Because of the industrial development and the urbanization in Taiwan, plenty of factories established and frequently business activities cause the severe air pollution. Even though the air pollution is improved in these years, the percentage of PM10 is still high while the air quality is bad. The No.6 Naphtha Cracking Project in Yunlin discharges a big amount of air pollutant and cause the possibility of the produce of secondary aerosols. In addition, the change of the transportation system nearby the industrial park causes the air pollution in the local and nearby areas. The air pollution in Taiwan is not only caused by the industry in Taiwan itself but also from outside of Taiwan, for instance, the send storm. Atomosphere aerosol can have a pronounced effect on visibility, air quality and human health.(Sisler and Malm, 2004). This research was tested by observation and model analyses in Taisi and Bihu in Chiayi. I used Micro-orifice uniform deposit impactors (MOUDI) and Omni to sample the air quality during March and May, 2008, and there were continuous five days in March. During this five days was also dust storm period, and the density was significant. The highest value in this period was 162.9μg/m3 on March 6th and NO3- was the main pollutant. The data in this research also included the samples which were taken in Zhengzhou University for five days. The size distribution was mainly PM2.5 in Bihu、Taisi and Zhengzhou University, and the percentage were all higher than 60%. After IC analyzed water-soluble, there were total eight ions (Cl﹣, NO3﹣, SO42﹣, NH4﹢, Na﹢, K﹢, Mg2﹢ and Ca2﹢). In Taisi area, the percentage of PM10 of Na+ and Cl- were 5.3% and 4.9% which were higher three to four times than the value in Bihu (1.5% and 1.3%) because Taisi area was nearby sea and the values were effected by the sea mist.
The Sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR) of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 in Zhengzhou University were 0.14, 0.16 and 0.18, and the Nitrogen oxidation ratio (NOR) were 0.17, 0.21 and 0.23, which presented sulfate was the local pollutant, and nitrate was not only local pollutant but also form outside areas. The SOR of Taisi junior high school were 0.25, 0.29 and 0.30, and the NOR were 0.03, 0.10 and 0.20, and which presented the PM1 of sulfate and nitrate were all local pollutant, and part of PM2.5 and PM10 were from outside areas, and the N.R values of the particle were all lower than one, which were acid.
Compare the PM10 of MOUDI to Omni, the correlation of density was 0.720 which was middle-related; for the correlation of water-soluble ions, NH4+ was the highest which was 0.980, and Ca2+ was the lowest.
For the element analysis, I used ICP to analyzed Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd, In, Tl, Cr and Pb. The main elements of PM10 in Bihu and Taisi were Zn, Fe, Al and Ca. The percentage of total element density of PM10 in Taisi was 7.9%, and the vale in Bihu was 3.6%. We can control the possible pollutant by understanding the elements of these particles to improve the air quality.
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