| Summary: | 碩士 === 長榮大學 === 醫務管理學研究所 === 97 === Purpose: Taiwan provides female immigrants with numerous service resources. Currently, there are fertility health / contraception manuals available for female immigrants. The manual contents were only translated into several languages from Chinese versions but no prudent consideration of subject demands and culture adequacy taken. This research was aimed to develop and edit contraception manuals through the effort made by health promotion groups. The topics were settled in a self-decision way with contents and data revealing highly effective, comprehensive and well-respected information about human health. Also, through empowerment education, the problem-solving capabilities and action consciousness of female immigrants can be extensively built and enhanced to understand the contexts about the changes happening to empowerment of female immigrants.
Method: The research was operated by means of participatory action research with a research locale at a certain immigrant-spouse service center on Tainan County. Female immigrants were recruited to form a health promotion group including 6 female immigrants and 2 governmental social workers. The appraisal process for health demands covering field observation, questionnaire survey, lecture observation, focus groups and organization communication. The research was operated in 3 stages by using listening-dialogue-action, namely the empowerment education proposed by Freire. Group members were inspired to analyze their own situations and obstacles prioritized by the orders of important issues. This research followed the looping back model with planning, action, reflection and re-planning. After every session of group discussion, the discussion issues and ways for next session were further reviewed. During the process of cycling dialectical authentication, the initial uncertain and uncontrollable situations were gradually solved and established with the effective and plausible operable knowledge for the health promotion group assembled by female immigrants. There had been 6 meeting sessions held totally. The group meeting was held once a week with the session time lasting 3 hours. With various empowerment strategies and tools, such as personal problem orientation, questioning models and scale fill-up, group members were invited for self-dialog and self-questioning with bodily consciousness and subjectivity inspired and action spawned. Data gathering and analysis followed the principles of diversified data verification (triangulation). Data gathered at different times and from various resources were under double check and compilation. It was intended to entirely reflect the overall research process including observation, team field research notes, team experience records, informal interview and member in-depth interview.
Result: Results were divided into 2 parts, action process and action results. During the earlier action period, with the discussion about current contraception hygiene education, member confession and sharing with contraception experience, failure examples of IUD, the decision-making process to opt for contraception methods and the worries about side effects and no concrete information in hand to cultivate the collective issue consciousness about contraception. During group meeting periods, meeting activities were mainly aimed to enhance the knowledge levels and sufficient information absorption of group members. The confusion fretting about endocrine disorders possibly caused by ligation were clarified in meeting sessions. Group members'' cognition to womb contraception devices, oral contraception drugs, menstrual cycles and hormones. Finally, the group was tasked to generate a contraception orientation manual for all group members. The researcher provided the group with questioning information and relevant photographies. Group members directed the development for the orientation manual including the manual title, situated contents, inviting husbands'' involvement and comprehensive information. The manual orders were arranged and compiled by various Taiwan-stay stages of female immigrants about the contraception demands. In view of action results, individual empowerment showed its most significant effect including update about contraception knowledge, the perception of contraception control sense and enhanced elf-confidence. In view of interpersonal levels, it mainly showed the capabilities to help others.
Discussion: The teams implementing empowerment were required for demand appraisal. Oftentimes, pre-designed measures were impossible to meet specific individual demands. Over-simplified subjective demands would ultimately result in less effect. Furthermore, the trustful relation established between members, safe environment, mutual dialog with the consciousness of focusing issues could reach empowerment swiftly. By using the contraception orientation manual generated by group members themselves, it was expected to assemble the oppressed female immigrants and take a collective action to form an overall social-structure empowerment with an effort to trigger another wave of social reform action.
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