| Summary: | 碩士 === 明道大學 === 國學研究所 === 97 === Human history is a history of wars. Wherever there are people, there are Wars. From Ancient Age to the Medieval Age, all types of wars, such as chariots, the square infantry of ancient Roman, and the cavalry that dominated the operation of the wars, have developed dynamically and more advanced as human obtained wisdoms. Wars proceed in many different ways because of the advantages and disadvantages that are possessed by both sides, and therefore, situations in war fields are often changeable. There is an old saying that “Plans never catch up with changes”. How to quickly change as circumstances change in time of war and take chances to win a battle is always a task for humans. When the general is busy with dealing circumstances, he will need his onlookers who know military tactics very well to provide some assistance. It is staffs who play the role. A good strategy often changes the course of war. Therefore, a military with few numbers of soldiers can defeat another one with larger numbers, or an army with less force can win a powerful one. A good tactic is always the key to the victory of a battle; on the contrary, a bad one may cause failure.
Three Kingdoms, one of the Four Great Classical Novels in ancient China, is an encyclopedia of military tactics. Although some parts of the story are quite different from the historical facts, its importance is never doubtful. Nurhaci and Mao Tse-Tung, for example, loved reading Three Kingdoms. However, researches on this book often focus on the leaders, such as Tsao Tsao, Liu Bei, and Sun Quan, or the generals, such as Guan Yu, Chang Fei, and Zhao Yun. There are even more researches about the staff such as Zhou Yu, and Zhu-Ko Liang. Those researches are innumerable. Except these two, other members of staff seem to be neglected. Therefore, this study targets “Staff” and aims to probe into how these wise men brought their abilities into full play in that age of chaos.
This study includes seven chapters. The first chapter is the introduction including research motivation and goals, research methods, literature review, and outlines, as well as the writing rules of this study. The second chapter explains the formation of Three Kingdoms, which gradually transferring the work of The History of the Three Kingdoms and other materials such as dramas, and scripts for story-telling…etc, into the novel of Three Kingdoms, written by Luo Guan-Zhong. The third chapter discusses the staff in a general view. Three Kingdoms will be the focus of the discussion, which will include the historical facts as its supplements. The fourth chapter concentrates on “Strategy Planning” that is made by staffs in “Three Kingdoms”, based on the “military strategy” of the chief staff Xun Yu, Lu Su and Zhu-Ko Liang because they had great influence on the development of the Three Kingdom’s status. The fifth chapter emphasizes the staff’s quick wit on the spur of the moment which shows their “military strategy”. The sixth chapter analyzes characters of the staffs in Three Kingdoms and their characteristics and images. The seventh chapter is the conclusion that concludes all arguments, and gives explanations to some unmentioned key points in this study.
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