| Summary: | 碩士 === 東吳大學 === 音樂學系 === 97 === Paiwan is the second largest aborigine tribe in Taiwan. Besides the great amount of population, its cultural arts, such as music, clothing, carving, and clay modeling are also highly developed.
According to the research of N. Utsurikawa, a Japanese researcher, Paiwan consists of Raval Sub-tribe and Bustsul Sub-tribe. Tavalan Village (also called Dashe Village in Mandarin), the subject of this thesis, is namely the origin of Raval Sub-tribe.
Masalut (Harvest festival), Semane ma qacurucuvung (Rite of passage), and the unique Thanksgiving of Tavalan Church are the main yearly activities in Tavalan Village. Those traditional songs, the male song called Culisi, the female song called Quiyaui, and the non-gender limited merry song called Lalaiui, are sung in these activities in order to praise the past tribe chiefs’ contributions or praise God by substituting the lyrics in the songs.
In addition, the other two traditional songs: Puleai and Lemayuz, are only sung during the traditional wedding ceremony in the tribe. The former is sung on the day before the wedding in order to describe the history of the tribe and the bride’s beauty. The other is sung on the wedding day when the bride is on the palanquin to describe her sad feeling of being parted from her family.
Most the traditional songs in Tavalan Village are named with the first word from the lyrics. However, there are a few are named by the content and meaning from the lyrics, such as Puleai and Lemayuz.
There are two ways to perform the traditional songs: Parutavak (leading voice) and Tutti in the monophonic ones; Cemikem (treble voice) and Zemingrav (bass voice) in the polyphonic ones.
Speaking of the musical characteristics, four types of tone systems are used in the traditional songs in Tavalan Village: tritonic, tetratonic, pentatonic,and hexatonic tone systems. Less use of semitone is also another musical characteristic in Tavalan Village. In the phrase structure part, those songs structured by using ‘extension and reduction’ and ‘rhythm pattern’ appear irregular length of phrases. However, the songs remain the completeness when you listen to them.
Polyphony is one main characteristic of Paiwan music. Most of the literatures only focus on the performing method, drone bass, in polyphonic songs. However, the similar method is also applied in the monophonic songs in Tavalan Village. At the end of the songs, the repeat of same pitch forms the sound effect of drone bass.
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