| Summary: | 碩士 === 淡江大學 === 中國大陸研究所碩士在職專班 === 97 === The aging of population is a transitional experience which many countries are facing commonly, including Taiwan and China. The Western countries have experienced the aging of population since the last beginning of century which leads them near hundred years learn how to cope with it. However, Taiwan and China will officially enter the aged society by the aging society in only 24 or 25 years. Along with the old population grows fast, the people who suffer the disability of body or mind and need the long-term care will be getting more and more. This research used the literature analysis by comparing the differences and similarity of the senior citizens long-term care policy-making background, evolution process and future trend of development between Taiwan and Mainland China in order to make a reference for the Government department to help the elders who lose their function and improve welfare of their families.
This research found that the long-term care policy for the senior citizens is still family-based primarily in both sides across the Taiwan Strait because of the mainstream values of cultural reverence for elders and filial piety are similar. Recent years, because of the influences of the Europe and America, the long-term care in both Taiwan and China become to be a more positive toward that home type, the community-based service take primary role and the institutional service does for the auxiliary. The similarities in both areas include: (1) long-term care service of elder people who lose their function is by family care primarily; (2) positively develops the home-based, the community-based, and multi-dimensional long-term care resources; (3) contents of the long-term care service are similar.
The main differences between Taiwan and China is that the mainland is a society which population get older before become rich, and its long-term care service is only in the preliminary development stage, as describe following. (1) Subjects who are concerned by long-term care service are different. Taiwan has subsidized the subject by the low income earners, expanded to the general elder persons who lose their function. (2) Main attendance manpower is different. In China, people who care the elders are usually their spouse or children. However, in Taiwan, elders are usually took care by foreign nursing labors. (3) The funds for the long-term care are different. Taiwan mainly arranges in order official business budget by the central and the local authority to deal with. In China, the funds are mainly collected by welfare-interest lotteries. (5) The appraisal mechanism of the long-term attendance is different. Taiwan has established comprehensively in various counties municipal governments about the professional appraise and considering control system. However, the mainland area executes the related policies in the minority metropolises.
However, it does not allow to deny that the public authority of China also take seriously about the issue of the attendance for aged population. In 1999, the State Council agreed to establish the national old age working committee which direct by the vice-premier. The central and the local governments also establish the old age development facility. These policies formed the two-way research network gradually between the central and local authorities which was worth us to learn.
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