| Summary: | 博士 === 逢甲大學 === 經濟學所 === 98 === In recent decades, the environmental problem is serious and the situation of the increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG) is concerned by nations. It is believed commonly that the increase of GHG emission is the source of the climate changes. The long-term changes in the climates bring huge effects on the human being and other creatures, the changes including droughts, heavy precipitation, heat wave, and other extreme weather. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol were adopted by nations for preventing the climate system from the dangerous effect of mankind activity. The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of the international cooperating mechanisms to assist the non-Annex I parties in achieving sustainable development and in contributing to the ultimate objective of the UNFCCC, and to assist the Annex I parties in performing compliance with their reduction commitments.
For a long time, the economists deemed that the objectives of environmental protection and economic growth could not be achieved simultaneously. The development of the endogenous growth theory and the new concepts of describing the environment provided the economists useful foundation for researching this issue further. The endogenous growth theory is a useful instrument for researching the economic growth, and the CDM is a suitable mechanism for accomplishing the environmental protection and sustainable development. In this thesis, we combine the endogenous growth theory with the CDM to construct a simple model including the CDM, pollution abatement, and the government’s public expenditure to discus the optimal choice of the household and the impact of the government’s policy on the economy.
In Chapter 2, we introduce the developments of the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol completely, and present the data of the CDM and Annex I parties’ emission reduction commitment clearly. Beside, the choice of the Annex I party for joining in the CDM projects is discussed. We find that an increase in CDM-involved rate may make social welfare increasing, when the effect of capital on pollution is smaller in the economy. In other words, the Annex I party may obtain advantage or not from joining in the projects.
In Chapter 3, we focus on the government’s optimal choice for the CDM projects in the non-Annex I party. In this model, we consider the effect of the government’s productive expenditure on the production function, which is ignored roughly in Chapter 2. The results of the model represent that non-Annex I party should accept more CDM projects to seek the higher long-run growth rate and social welfare, if the natural capital stock’s share of production function and the effect of capital on pollution are large enough. The results also indicate that the effect of the natural capital stock on production function is larger in the poorer non-Annex I party, which may prefer the bilateral CDM projects.
In Chapter 4, we summarize this thesis, and mention the extended issues of this objective for the further researching.
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