The expeditious recovery of heavy metal from electroplating sludge

• Main Authors: Ding-Nan GUO, 郭鼎楠
• Other Authors: MING-CHIEN HSIAO
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2010
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20572259087902186352

碩士 === 崑山科技大學 === 環境工程研究所 === 98 === Ionic liquid extraction method was novel in recent years, the effective processing of one form of heavy metal waste, handling hazardous heavy metals from a decline in this study using ionic liquids as extraction of the main waste water containing heavy metals extraction agent, will contain different heavy metal sludge to be extracted and combined with microwave and ultrasound effective way to shorten the processing time.Therefore, this study includes most of order two, namely, rapid synthesis of ionic liquids technology and rapid extraction of heavy metals in the applied technology. The former contains the order microwave synthesis, two-stage ultrasonic technology, the latter of microwave acid extraction technology and ferrite. In this study first-methylimidazole as the raw material, in an open microwave, the use of butane to quaternary ammonium bromide reaction, the best reaction conditions: molar ratio of 1:1, the microwave power 240W, reaction at 105 ℃ for 2 minutes, ionic liquid yield of 86% for some, and then to carry out the second paragraph of microwave synthesis of ionic liquid, the yield can reach 75%. Under the ultrasonic, taking into account bromobutane may be volatile at room temperature using the heater response manner, using ultrasound to liquid butane with bromine with the heater to full mixing of reactants. Mixed use of ultrasound under the best conditions: ultrasonic two-stage oscillation in the total reaction mixture after 150 minutes, this time for the 10:11 molar ratio, reaction temperature 85 ℃, 60% of the amplitude of the best of conditions, ionic liquid production rate can reach 75% effective. From the results suggest, whether the use of open microwave or ultrasonic, ionic liquids are able to yield more than 70% yield. Microwave synthesis of an open hydrophobic ionic liquids in combination with the chelating agent dithizone extraction case study results show that temperature oscillation rotation set 180 rpm, when the volume ratio of 1:10, ionic liquid dosage 1ml, room temperature 25 ℃, extraction of 3 minutes, heavy metal extraction rate of copper in waste water up to 90%, while the adsorption of ionic liquids to adjust the metal ion can be used to adjust pH to make ionic liquids easily separated from the product, good stability, and environmentally-friendly. In addition, an ultrasonic synthetic hydrophobic ionic liquids in combination with the chelating agent EDTA extraction case study showed that the extraction rate of heavy metals in waste water up to 95%. Annual increases of domestic sludge, the chemical treatment are always the solution, rather time-consuming and energy, a new method was successfully synthesis prepared CuO nanoplates. For the preparation of CuO nanoplates, Cu sludge were using acid to extract copper ions, prepared by using of CuO powders immersed in ethylene glycol/water solution under ultrasonic conditions, and then drying by microwave high-temperature CuO nanoparticles obtained. The preparation of CuO nanoplates was studied in several experimental factors, for example reactant amount, temperature, reaction time, and capping agent. The optimal condition was found in which the solid/liquid ratio was used at 1/20 and microwave extraction processing 30min, 0.5M sulfuric acid concentration on the dissolution rate of copper sludge by 90%. Extract further to ultrasonic 30min, microwave for 30 minutes, then add 0.1g dispersant to form particle size of 40-50μm copper oxide. The XRD diffraction were employed to characterize composition, morphology, and structure for CuO.Traditional studio set in the waste developer solution containing silver ions in the composition, the current Taiwan EPA only provides centralized recycling for further treatment, but the liquid itself contains silver ions, in order to not cause secondary pollution, recycling will be made of silver ions. General synthesis of nano-silver particles by hydrothermal synthesis approach, as long as 25 to 40 hours long, the particle size between about 30~40nm, and the particle size and difficult to control, not the formation of silver nanoparticles with high uniformity solution. Synthesis of research with ultrasound only 40 minutes total time average diameter 40-50μm, the composition of some savings compared with traditional methods near 1/1.5 hours. Nano silver, after a moderate, due to the smaller particle size, surface area to increase substantially derived from the new features that make the application was increased significantly. In this study, rapid synthesis of ionic liquids and the use of ionic liquid with the effective extraction of copper metal ion chelating agent more than 90%. Other means of microwave irradiation and ultrasound irradiation and then quickly and effectively recover the heavy metal made of nanoparticles copper oxide and nanoparticles silver, effectively shorten the reaction time, increase productivity, and reduce carbon emissions up to the purpose.