| Summary: | 碩士 === 銘傳大學 === 社會科學院國家發展與兩岸關係碩士在職專班 === 98 === This study is based on the National Defense Act, Civil Defense Mobilization Reserve Act, and Disaster Prevention and Response Act. Regarding the overall capability of national security, civil defense mobilization is categorized into two stages: “mobilization preparation” and “mobilization implementation.” To meet the need to defend Taiwan and Penghu, this study explores joint force coordination, military supplies and successful operation in wartime in preparation for future wars based on the regulations related to the National Defense Act. Then, the effective civil defense mechanism can be established. Thus, in peacetime government administration can coordinate with this civil mechanism to complete the integrated preparation of fighting force including manpower, material resources, financial resources, technology, military mobilization, etc. to enhance the capability of total force in wartime. In accordance with the Disaster Prevention and Response Act, civil defense mechanisms can also provide support during disaster relief and rescue operations. In addition, this mechanism is integrated with the Anti-terrorism Act to adapt to and manage sudden events resulted from unintended conditions. Thus, in wartime civilian force can be organized not only to support military operation as well as emergency and disaster response services, but also to help government agencies maintain the routine to respond to emergencies and to meet citizens’ basic needs.
This thesis is composed of six chapters. The first chapter contains the motives, objectives, scope and limitations of this study. Terminology explanation is also included. For integrating perspectives in theories and practices, literature review is used to verify practical operations. The second chapter introduces basic civil defense knowledge to explore the meaning and requirements of civil defense as well as the importance of the relationship between civil defense and national security. The concept of civil defense is assured to be important. The influences of the 9/11 event on the concept of civil defense are described in the end of this chapter. The third chapter examines civil defense mechanisms. First, laws and regulations related to Taiwan civil defense are specified. In addition, the organizations and operations of Taiwan civil defense mechanism are examined. The part of this chapter introduces current Executive Yuan Civil Defense Mobilization Preparatory Committee, Total Force Integration committee, County/City Mobilization Preparatory Committee, etc. Then, the duties and missions attributed to the Reserve Command for executing Civil defense mobilization are described. Furthermore, this study analyzes and examines Taiwan civil defense mechanism to be promoted. Last, the Wan-an maneuvers are used as practical examples to prove the effects of civil defense mobilization. The fourth chapter analyzes civil defense mobilization mechanism in Taiwan and other countries. First, this chapter explores mobilization mechanism in advanced countries (Israel, Singapore and U.S.A. are selected countries because Israel’ and Singapore’s national customs and geographical environment are similar to Taiwan’s and USA owns the experience that reserve forces were sent to participate in the war,) Then, the mobilization mechanism of our enemy-China is also explored. The establishment of China was dependent on people’s wars, and thus the advantages of its mobilization mechanism are recommended to be learned. Last, the characteristics and merits of other countries’ mobilization mechanisms are expected not only to be learned but to be applied to our country’s mobilization policies and operations. The fifth chapter states the enforcement of new thinking for “civil defense mobilization mechanism” in Taiwan. First, the innovation of administrative mobilization and military mobilization preparation is described including the national defense policy “Regular Forces conduct attacks and Reserve Forces defend homeland” and the trend of military mobilization preparation. Furthermore, constructive suggestions to integrate both administrative mobilization preparation and military mobilization preparation are proposed. The sixth chapter concludes helpful suggestions for civil defense policies and operations.
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