| Summary: | 碩士 === 國防大學 === 戰略研究所 === 98 === Abstract
Despite the mitigation of international situation, national power as emphasized by realism still has certain influences. Military forces are the powerful supports to a country when it faces multiple challenges and threats. Hence, a country should continue to strengthen its national defense. Since the reopening of talks between both sides of the Straits, cross-straits interactions and exchanges have become frequent. Nevertheless, the concept of friend and foe tends to become indistinct, and the claim for having Taiwan’s own military forces so as to guard against the invasion from China is challenged. Given that the potential conflicts between both sides still exist, it is imperative not to slacken off national defense but to aggressively build up military forces as the prop for cross-straits exchanges. “Hoping for the best while preparing for the worst” is a principle that will never change.
The purpose of military strategies is to help achieve national strategies. When choosing the ways and means to achieve the goal, it is necessary to consider objectively the domestic and foreign environments. Based on the need of building the military forces that can provide “solid defense and effective deterrence”, Taiwan is considering changing its compulsory military services system to a voluntary one after evaluation of types of future wars, the efficiency of national defense investment and the change of social environment. The voluntary military services system is to build up an armed force of “refined quality, low quantity and strong fighting power”. From the perspective of military fighting power, demographic structure, social environment or national defense resources, etc., the voluntary military service system has its strength.
Since the end of cold war, the mobilization concept which calls for “maintaining less military forces in peace time and make more available from reserves during the war” has become more and more important. The active military forces in a whole will be less under the voluntary military services system. To ensure the concept of defensive defense being implemented, building reserve forces via the mobilization mechanism is another basis for the “Hard ROC” national defense policy. Upon the change of the military services system, re-defining the manpower mobilization, building reserve forces and making the civil defense mobilization an important power of “deterrence” can be the directions for development in building military forces and preparing for wars.
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