| Summary: | 博士 === 高雄師範大學 === 輔導與諮商研究所 === 98 === Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the trauma of sexually abused children, and develop a trauma checklist to establish the trauma norm for sexually abused children nationwide. Community practitioners, therefore, are able to asses the trauma that sexually abused children are facing, and select children who are sexually abused allegedly.
This study includes two parts: the first part is to explore the psychological disorders of sexually abused children while the second one is to develop the psychological trauma checklist of sexually abused children to establish the norm nationwide. 9 interviewees, including psychologists, social workers, and sexually abused children are included to participate in semi-structured interviews in the first part of study to collect the psychological and behavioral responses after children are sexually abused. The interview data then is analyzed by the grounded theory approach to develop the connotation of psychological trauma of sexually abused children. Another 22 psychologists and social workers are included to participate in a three-round structured Delphi questionnaire survey based on the analyzed results. The questionnaire data is complied, in accordance with Delphi, as a trauma scale for self-claimed sexually abused children at the age of 9 to 15. 1748 children are selected as samples in the study, including 1675 average students from16 elementary and junior high schools in 4 districts nationally, and 73 sexually abused children. Statistics in this study are analyzed by SPSS and AMOS software.
The study is concluded as follows:
1.The connotations of trauma that sexually abused children posses can be categorized as boundary trauma, self trauma, and complex post-traumatic stress reaction. Boundary trauma includes trauma of psychological boundaries and trauma of physical boundaries, trauma of psychological boundaries cover interaction and system boundaries while trauma of physical boundaries indicate the over confusion or ossification of physical boundaries. Self trauma means the traumas of body image, self-worth, emotion and sex. Complex post-traumatic stress reaction is about the reactions of repeated trauma, disassociation, avoidance, over cautions, deterioration, and self-harm.
2.Total 52 questions are listed in the psychological trauma scale of sexually abused children, including boundary trauma, self trauma and complex post-traumatic stress reaction. The relation and strategy of interaction are factored in the boundary trauma. Self trauma includes sexual trauma, emotional internalized trauma, emotional externalized trauma, and the trauma of self value. The complex post-traumatic stress reaction covers the reactions of repeated trauma, disassociation, avoidance, over cautions, deterioration, and self-harm. 3.The reliability assessment of scale: the consistency of each scale is ranged from the α value of .850 to .923, and the sum total of the α value is .961 which shows a perfect consistency internally. Furthermore, the reliability of the scale is ranged from .851 to .925 that indicated the substantial stability within the time scale.
4.The validity assessment of scale: the scale verifies the factorial structure with confirmatory factors which the results support the concept of the study. Moreover, the scale can effectively differentiate average children and sexually
5.Differentiation assessment of different groups: the study explores significant differences in psychological trauma scale that sexually abused children shows at difference age, gender, family structure, family atmosphere and social and economical status.
6.The norms of this scale are established in accordance with summarized scale and three sub-scales, and include the norms of nation wide, gender and age.
According to the research results, this study points out specific recommendations in terms of its application and further research for the reference of social workers and counselor in the field of children protection.
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