The Historical Changes in Guanmiao Regional Development

• Main Authors: Hsien-ching Lee, 李僊錦
• Other Authors: Chih-Chang Lai
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71052595678687897556

碩士 === 國立臺南大學 === 台灣文化研究所教學碩士班 === 98 === In this paper, the research topic is the regional development in Guanmiao Township, Tainan County, and explores the development and change in each period. In research methods, induce and analyze the historical data by collecting, interpreting and organizing and wish to meet the history feature at that time. And then with the maps reading and remaking, the use of ancient instruments, as well as field study, in order to make up for the lack and blind spots of written materials. Guanmiao is located on southern of Tainan County. Its eastern side is Xinhua hills and western side is the Chianan Plain. In the north, there is a Xu-xiang Stream; in the south, there is the Erzen Stream. There are many hills in this area. In Dutch Colonization Era, here had become the rare area in Pingpu Aborigine which the Han people moved into and planted. In Period of Koxinga, the Han People had settled to the Small Xian-yiang People Community. In Period of Cing Reign, as the changes of overall political and economic environment and society, the settlements and markets formed notably. In the late of Period of Cing Reign, it had formed 31 natural settlements and constituted the basic scale of today’s Guanmiao Township. The Japanese Colonization Era is the key stage in Taiwan which the natural settlement transited to the administrative settlement. In 1920, the Governor-General of Taiwan (Taiwan Sōtokufu) incorporated the outside Xin-feng Village, Bao-dong Village and Zuon-te West Village into Guanmiao Village through the executive power. From then on to the post-war, its space scope almost maintained the same. After the World War II, Guanmiao hasn’t the critical value anymore, no matter in traffic or military. Furthermore, the limited hinterland makes the development marginalized and the population moved out. At the economic aspect, the agriculture has been its economic lifeline for more than 300 years. The main crops are rice, yam and sugarcane. In the middle of the Japanese Colonization Era, because of the impact of colonial policies, people here began planting pineapples, and soon the pineapples became one of the local powerful economic crops and along with the rise of bamboo industrial sideline at the same period. The development of bamboo industry in this period laid a good groundwork for the bamboo and rattan processing industry in Guanmiao Township after the war. At the beginning of the post-war, the development of pineapple canning industry still played an economic-oriented role to earn foreign exchange. But in 1980s, the canning industry transformed into a fresh fruit consumption type, "Domestic sale mainly, exported auxiliary". Nowadays, the pineapple, bamboo shoots and Guanmiao noodles are called "Guanmiao’s Three Treasures." In the post-war, bamboo handicraft industry walked up to the international stage with the assistance of the Taiwan Handicraft Promotion Center. From 1969, the rattan processing industry brought Guanmiao wealth and prosperity. But the "Rattan Kingdom" reached its peak in 1987, and then, with the attacks from both internal and external problems, the prosperity only maintained two decades. After the rattan industry failed, because of no other industries can match it, Guanmiao’s economic development seems quite depressed. The religion and faith became vigorous in the post-war when the people came out from the durance liberation of Japanization and formed the king’s boat belief with the Shanxi Temple for center, but the lineage development continued to decline. Today Guanmiao’s development increasingly marginalizes. How to combine the bamboo and rattan implements which have fairly bases and Guanmiao Treasures to develop a special part of the industrial culture? And can it stimulate local economic strength and provide a better culture and living environments after Tainan County and Tainan City upgraded to a municipality? The two above questions are worthy to observe.