An Analysis of the Fisheries Policy of the Major Fishing Nations

• Main Authors: Fu-Shan Tsai, 蔡富山
• Other Authors: Ching-Hsiewn Ou
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2010
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34429073942625637351

碩士 === 國立臺灣海洋大學 === 環境生物與漁業科學學系 === 98 === Abstract This study tried to use the documentary analysis and comparative analysis for discussing the recent fisheries policies among Japan, China, USA, EU, COFI and RFMOs. It aimed to understand the development trend of international fisheries policy as reference for our government to establish the relevant policies in future. The compendium of results is as follows: 1.The concepts for Japan to establish the Basic Law of Fisheries Product in 2001 were (1) To ensure the stable supply of fisheries product and (2) fisheries industry development sturdy. This law stipulates that government had to announce the fundamental plan for fisheries production every five years. The key points for 2007-2012 are (1) basic principle of fisheries policy (2) degree of self-sufficiency objective of fisheries production (3) to executive the comprehensive and planed governance (4) to carry out the essential items of the comprehensive and planed governance. The self-sufficiency objective of fisheries production is 65% for Japan in 2012.。 2.The main missions of 11th China Fisheries Five-Years Plan (2006~2010) are (1) to ensure the safety supply of fisheries production (2) to ensure the incomes of fishermen increase (3) to improve the fisheries development continuously (4) to improve fisheries community developing harmonic. Its fisheries policy was carried out through the local template style and its key points included (1) to speed up the creative of fisheries technique and establish the technique promotion system (2) to promote resource saving and develop environment-friendly fishery (3) to modify the industry structure and improve the optimization upgrade fisheries economy (4) to insist opening policy and develop the external fisheries (5) to proceed maintenance action plan of aquatic resources fully (6) to construct the safety fishery and promote the safeguard standard of fisheries safety. The fisheries production is estimated about 60 million MT in 2010. 3.The 2005-2010 Fisheries Strategy Plan outlook of NMFS of United States is let the USA citizens to enjoy abundance, healthy benefit and diversity marine ecosystem. Its goal is through the ecosystem management to achieve it by maintenance, recovery, coastal management and resource utilization. The key points of this plan included (1) monitoring the ecosystem (2) research on ecosystem (3) fisheries management (4) species protection (5) enforcing the law (6) habitat maintenance (7) coral reef conservation (8) aquaculture. 4.The Common Fisheries Policy is the basis for EU to maintain and manage the fishery and aquaculture. Its ensuring on fisheries in future and lasting necessity was an important policy goal for EU. The key points of CFP of EU for 2012- 2020 are (1) more flexible relative-steady principle and entrance of coastal fishery (2) to bring the market mechanism into fully play (3) to enclose the CFP into the more broad marine policies (4) to solve the specific short-term and midterm problem of aquaculture (5) to continuously enhance the future works. The outlook of 2020 is most fish species resources reaching the MSY level and aquaculture becoming the main fish supplier and technique development leader of EU. 5.The Committee of Fisheries (COFI) of FAO is the main guider on international fisheries policy and development. Hence from its resolutions of all previous meetings we are able to realize the trend of international major fisheries policies. The themes of last two COFI meetings were (1) to ensure the carrying out of conduct code for responsible fisheries and IPOA and the necessity of improvement (2)to strike out the IUU through the MCS and PSM continuously (3)the effects of climate change on fishery and aquaculture (4) to enhance the management on High Sea deep sea fisheries and application of EAF (5) to enhance the function and effect of RFMO (6) to ensure sustainability of small fishery. 6.The action principles of resolutions of RFMOs meetings in 2007 and 1009 included (1) management of fishing capacity (2) fishing quota (3) to carry out the resource recovery plan (4) to executive the measures for monitoring and banning (5) IUU counterplot (6) to develop the reduction technique of FADs on small fish bycatch (7) to proceed achievement evaluation on RFMO (8) to support the management capacity of developing country. Keywords：Fisheries Policy, Japan Fisheries Basic Plan, United States Fisheries Strategy Plan, EU Common Fisheries Policy, COFI, RFMOs。