| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺東大學 === 語文教育學系碩士班 === 98 === Cognitive semantics are the basis of this study. The problem discussed is that of the extended relationship and semantic change rules that exist for meanings of the contemporary Mandarin Chinese morpheme “ching”. Is it possible that a semantic radial category can be formed? What is the semantic shift relationship of “ching” and its word family? Why is there a corresponding relationship between compound words formed by “ching” and words from its word group in terms of extended meaning?
First, using the concepts of prototypical theory of cognitive semantics, image schema, conceptual metaphor and metonymy, the prototypical meaning and extended meaning of “ching” will be discussed and a semantic radial category will be collated. Using the semantic radial category of “ching” as a foundation, the semantic relationship and extension that exists between “ching” and its word family will be analyzed. Finally, compound words formed by “ching” and its word family will be analyzed and collated.
By means of analyzing samples and induction, a few generalizations can be made:
1. The semantic radial category of “ching” in contemporary Mandarin Chinese has received the influence of the color of vegetation, immature vegetation and vegetation amount. Thus it has developed a prototypical meaning and different extended meanings.
2. The prototypical meaning of “ching” in contemporary Mandarin Chinese is “green”, “blue” and “black”. Through the use of the two cognitive mechanisms of metaphor and metonymy, there are two kinds of change in extended meaning. The first comes from the prototypical meaning and goes through a first or second level extension. The second is extension that comes from immature vegetation and vegetation amount.
3. The word family of “ching” has received the influence of extended meaning and thus has given rise to a semantic relationship between itself and “ching”.
4. Compound words using “ching” have received the influence of the prototypical meaning of “ching”, most having to do with the meaning “green”.
5. Compound words formed from word families of “ching” can be seen as a category and have prototypical and non-prototypical differences, and these are related to frequency and order of use.
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