Study of the relation among North Korea, South Korea and America—1998~2003—

• Main Authors: Wei-Cheng Peng, 彭唯誠
• Other Authors: 林秋山
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2009
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91324876642234804450

碩士 === 中國文化大學 === 韓國語文研究所 === 98 === After World War II, because of the involvement of American and Russian, South and North Korea split up for temporary military affairs. After the Korean War broke out, South and North Korea moved towards the political permanent division. South and North Korea are hostile and stands in confronting positions after the division. Therefore both countries rarely contact and exchange. In February 1998, the 15th president, Kim Dae-Jung, adopted what is so called ' the sunshine policy ' to North Korea. This policy tried to soften North Korea. After the death of the leader of North Korea Kim Il-Sung in July 1994, his son Kim Jong-il took over North Korea. What kind of influence can Kim Dae-Jung’s sunshine policy produce to North Korea of communism? What kind of social exchanges and peace talk launched to North Korea when Kim Dae-Jung was in charge? They are the questions that the author wants to understand. Since the division of South and North Korea arises from international factor. Its foreign policies must be involved in its allies. South Korea has followed U.S.A.’s direction since the establishment of the country. North Korea mainly followed Soviet Union’s direction. But countries in Eastern Europe collapsed one after another in 1980 latter. Soviet Union also fell apart in the 1990s. North Korea’s economy was worsened by the isolation from U.S.A., the economic sanctions and the domestic natural disaster. It initiated the nuclear crisis in order to get help from other countries in 1993. The ‘frame agreement’ solved the crisis which was signed by North Korea and U.S.A. in 1994. Therefore since 1990, the relation among North Korea and U.S.A. can be regarded as on and off for several times. Marched toward 21st century, because of the ' the sunshine policy ' that Kim Dae-Jung adopted had its influence to North Korea, it achieved the Korean summit of north and south in June 2000. After president Bush Junior of American Republican Party took up an official post, he adopted the tough policy to North Korea. In addition to 911 incidents in 2001, the U.S.A. called North Korea, Iraq, Iran as ‘axis of evil’. It made North Korea so angry that cut off all the talk. It also let Kim Dae-Jung’s sunshine policy exist in name only. The key factor that caused arguments between South Korea and U.S.A. was the problems that American Army stationed in South Korea caused series of troubles besides that both countries had inconsistent policy adopted to North Korea. Moreover North Korea triggered the second nuclear crisis in October 2002. What did Bush Junior of Republican Party respond to North Korea? Could he establish the dialogue mechanism of the permanent peach and stability in the unstable Korea Peninsula?