| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北科技大學 === 土木與防災研究所 === 98 === Contracting operations exist in all trades, such as Annual Machinery or Equipment Repair or Maintenance, Cleaning of Closed Tank and Vessel, Contracting for Spot or Routine Repair works and the contracting and construction of construction works. Since all these works are highly risky and the contracting relationship among different trades for the same work is relatively complicate. Also, the serious effects of terrain and climate in outdoor operations, complicate and bulky construction machine and equipment, personnel of different specialties working together, or lowering labor quality and increased fluidity of labor forces are singly or jointly stacking up the contracting risks.
When inspecting the major occupational disasters occurred in Taipei in the past 10 years, it is found that 39% of them may be blame on the owners, while 61% of them are attributable to contractors. It is believed that the high frequency of occupational disaster is obviously related to the failure of the owner in setting up a coordinating body for responsibility distribution and that the contractor management failed to exert its functions.
In this research, 80 copies to different owners were sent and recovered 61 valid copies and 120 copies were distributed to contractors with 120 valid copies recovered. The result of statistical processing of the questionnaires shows that both owners and contractors attribute occurrence of occupational disaster mostly to the joint effect of unsafe environment and unsafe behaviors and the next is the effect of unsafe behavior. They regard the awareness of labor safety and health of worker as the most important factor affecting occupational disasters, the highlighting of owner comes the next. High percentage of the labor safety and health management personnel is on part-time basis. The causes for contracting out are prices and previous cooperation, with less than 10% consideration is given to safety and health performance of contractor. Apparently, in this field, safety and health account less than job performance and contracting prices. Subcontracting frequently and occasionally jointly accounts for 70% of the jobs. Apparently the multi-level subcontracting is quite prevailing. Also, the coordinating meeting not exerting the functions, insufficient spending in safety and health, inadequate training and the less emphasis of owner in safety and health are all causes leading to occupational disaster. All the above findings worth the considerations and thinking of labor administrative agencies, business entities and workers.
Based on the historical statistical occupational disaster data and the analysis of the field questionnaire survey, it is found that production performance and earning have the priority over workplace safety and health in the mind of owners. Although there is no lack of regulations, rule and practices in place to be followed, business entities will bounce back to profit leading mentality when no occurrence of occupational disaster for a period of time and the safety management and all practices required will be neglected. A business needs to grow to last long, it has to endeavor in production, sales and other profit seeking activities, but without commitment to safety and health issues, it is likely that it will see no tomorrow. According to the development experience of advanced countries, respecting life safety work is already the common understanding of business entities and the society, and it is a trend not supposed to be neglected or missed. Domestic business entities are lagging behind the advanced countries in the respect of safety management and attitude in execution. The main reason is that the owners give insufficient attention to safety issue and poor safety management. As safety management is the base of safety culture and without focusing on safety, the safety culture of business entities will certainly compromised. The safety culture may be established with long term endeavoring. It is hoped that domestic enterprises will pay sufficient attention in building up advanced safety and health management system and keep on review and improving. This is the way to establish good safety culture and to ensure the safety and health of labor for sustainable operation of the enterprises.
|
|---|
