| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中正大學 === 政治學研究所 === 99 === Abstract
Since 1994, the number of university in Taiwan has rapidly risen, which corresponds to the reform of education for making education widespread. Taiwan had already had 175 national and private universities by the end of 2009. The reform of education might probably have assisted our government to reach the goal. However, these universities nowadays, indeed, encounter more demanding challenges.
This paper aims mainly to explore how university authorities take up proper strategies under such circumstance of systematic imbalance. There are six major reasons of explaining (the phenomenon of) systematic imbalance. Six major reasons are what former scholars thought to directly threaten universities for their future existence. They comprise the impact of depopulation of children, the impact of joining WTO, high unemployment, imbalance of budgets, inefficient leadership, and rural locale. This paper further examines why New Zealand and Finland are ranked high for their higher education system, and how their experiences can mirror Taiwan’s needs for improvement.
This research bases primarily on three literary reviews: they are Potter’s analytic theory of Five Strengths, strategies of marketing combination, and coalition theory. Moreover, the whole research procedure pinpoints Potter’s analytic theory of Five Strengths as framework to solidify causes of systematic imbalance for outlining the problem, with qualitative interviews of Department of Higher Education, three national and three private universities. It scrutinizes how government authorities face the threat of running education for universities and how university authorities deal with the challenge under the threat of systematic imbalance. Five Strengths include threats of potential competition, power of counteroffer from consumers, power of counteroffer from suppliers, threats of substitutes, and the degree of hostility from current existent competitors. As the interview ends, analysis of inductive reasoning shows that national universities take up 15 strategies, and private universities the 14 strategies.
This research concludes with the current situation of higher education, provides government and education institutions with suggestions, and sheds a new light on subsequent studies.
Key Words: Higher Education, systematic imbalance, depopulation of children,
WTO (World Trade Organization), unemployment, strategies of marketing, coalition theory
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