| Summary: | 碩士 === 輔仁大學 === 跨文化研究所語言學碩士班 === 98 === To have a better understanding of ancient remonstrators’ conversational tactics, this study aims to analyze the features of remonstrative rhetoric in Zhanguo Ce with pragmatics approaches, including Cooperative Principle,Politeness Principle, Speech Acts and Face Theory. This study focuses on the pragmatic aspects of the warring states period and thus is a pramaphilology research. In this research, remonstrative rhetoric is proposed as one kind of communication modal with various types of speech acts utilized, such as assertives, commissives, expressives, and directives. The results based on pragmatic approaches are as follows.
Assertives, appearing mostly in remonstrative rhetoric, are followed by different types of questions with communicating fuctions. In some situation, assertives are used as secondary illocutionaryy acts in indirect speech acts, while the primary illocutionary acts are directives. Moreover, remonstrators beseeching chances of expostulation use expressives as conversational strategies.
As for CP, violations of quantity maxim are also commonly seen in remonstrative communication modals. Some remonstrators provide evidences, reasons and facts to support their ideas, while others provide insufficient information as talking-turn strategies. Moreover, expostulators expressing indirectly violate qulity maxim by sarcasm, incorrect deducing and fabricated stories. Regarding relation maxim violation, remonstrators appear to creat favorable atmosphere for remonstrations. The phenomena of CP violations show expostulators’ strategies to persuade their interlocutors.
Besides, PP seems to surpass CP in remonstrations, expostulators follow PP while violating CP at the same time. However, violations of agreement maxim and approbation maxim show that remonstrators’s psychological states of disagreeing interlocuotrs’ behaviors.Furthermore, remonstrations threat both negtive and positive faces of the conversational participants, thus to be difined as one kind of FTA. Apologies, compliments and admirations are used as redressive strategies to rescue interlocutors’ faces.
Key words: CP, PP, Speech Act, Face Theory, Remonstration Commnunication Modal, FTA
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