| Summary: | 博士 === 中國文化大學 === 中國文學系 === 99 === Abstract
According to the Qingshigao yiwenzhi（《清史稿藝文志》）, bubian（《補編》）, shiyi（《拾遺》）,Chou Yi Studies in Qing Dynasty had 1306 in total among the all. And one third came from Qian-Jia Period, so that we may say for sure that the Qian-Jia Yi Xue (乾嘉易學) were the most prosperous in all Chinese academic history of Chou Yi studies. Liang Qichao（梁啟超）in his Zhongguo jin sanbainian xueshushi（《中國近三百年學術史》）said:“ There are only three scholars who can represent Chou Yi Studies in Qing Dynasty, one is Hui Dingyu（惠定宇），one is Zhang Gaowen（張皋文）,and another one is Jiao Litang（焦里堂）. ” Therefore during the recent years, this three scholars still dominated the trends of Chou Yi Studies in Qing Dynasty, but from the point of view of the accomplishment and influence from the early periods of Chou Yi Studies in Qing Dynasty to Qian-Jia Period still became unusual.
The present paper focuses on the point of view Qian-Jia Period from the origins, inheritances , enhances, and the influences of Qian-Jia Yi Xue. And paper chooses seven scholars: Hui Dong（惠棟）,Ru Dunhe（茹敦和）,Sun Xingyan（孫星衍）,Zhang Huiyan（張惠言）,Jiao Xun（焦循）,Wang Yinzhi（王引之）,Zhu Junsheng（朱駿聲）probe into the source, writings, and new direction in order to unfold the fruitful results.
Hui Dong（惠棟）was a beginner, and inherited the family studies of four generations to expound and propagate Han Yi and turned down Song Yi（宋易）. He defended a place resolutely to the ground of“ the explanatory notes in ancient books, and only to know the words and pronunciation can know the meaning. ”（「經之義存乎訓，識字審音乃知其義」）He used Wen Zi Xue（文字學）,Sheng Yun Xue（聲韻學）and Xun Gu Xue（訓詁學）to clearly explain Chou Yi studies.
Zhang Huiyan（張惠言）whose knowledge or technique handed down by Hui Dong（惠棟）and followed the family studies of Han Xue, and to expound Yu Fan（虞翻）to replenish insufficiency of Hui Dong（惠棟）. He focused the Yi Xiang(易象) to discuss human affair, and brought up the views that everything which was obtained its correct nature as appointed ,and lay emphasis on morality of the self-cultivation ,and took sharp the new direction of using Chou Yi to explain the Li（禮）. He also distinguished Chou Yi and its graphics, and elucidated the problems that were the remains by Mao Qiling（毛奇齡）and Hu Wei（胡渭）and returned to the original condition of Han Yi Studies.
Using By-pass（旁通）, Xiang Cuo（相錯）, Shi Xing（時行）and Bi li（比例）,Jiao Xun（焦循）constructed his unique new research and took a distinctive course or attitude of his own at Qian-Jia Period. From the change of Yaoci （爻辭）, he also emphasized on accommodating to keep up with the time, and realized one's error and show repentance, in another word, to repent and reform so that we can change good or bad luck. He thought Chou Yi was the classic of reforming one's evil behaviors.
Ru Dunhe（茹敦和）,Sun Xingyan（孫星衍）and Zhu Junsheng（朱駿聲）, these three scholars attached importance to the development of historical process and source and course from beginning to end. they also highly praised Han Yi through based on the Li Dingzuo（李鼎祚）’s Chouyi jijie(《周易集解》), Ma Rong (馬融) and Zheng Xuan (鄭玄) to idictate the source and gave their own views to clearing out, and economized the items which was used by Han Yi. Through using Hu Gua（互卦）, and Yao-chen（爻辰）we can see clearly at Qian-Jia Period not just to follow an established rule of Han Yi, and especially simplified and got advancement more than Han Yi. they also used the Confucianism classics to explain mutually and obeyed the rule that“ one must pass all classics an classic can passes through.”（「必通全經始通一經」）, and“ by passes through the classic to pass through .”（「以經證經」）. They also used the Wen Zi Xue（文字學）,Sheng Yun Xue（聲韻學）and Xun Gu Xue（訓詁學）, including interpretation, glossaries and commentaries to explain the Chou Yi. What the rarer is, they also asserted the theory“ assist classic by history”（「以史翼經」）to use the Ｄe（德）from historical events to propagate the humans affairs, and solely insisted on the importance of Ｄe（德）.
Wang Yinzhi（王引之）accentuated Yi Li（義例）by the method of generalization from the texts, and from all the various classics purport and style were consistent to explain the text, and got rid of the items of Han Yi. And he also proposed the view of “Xiang exists only with divinatory symbols”（「象本即卦而具」）and also depended on “ Hu Ti（互體）to asks the Xiang within divinatory symbols.”（依「互體」而在本卦中求象）On more occasions he widely used the writing, the sound, the explanations of words in ancient books. Furthermore he used Erya（《爾雅》）,Jing dian shi wen（《經典釋文》）to let the style consistent and finally founded a new model of the Han Yi.
These seven scholars have created the good foundation, inherits and developments in the study of Chou Yi studies, and we have known the achievements of the academic discipline of Qian-Jia Han Yi (乾嘉漢易) were quite bountiful and plentiful. The present paper will supply the research in detail and accordingly hope to be able to contribute a trifling effort.
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