| Summary: | 碩士 === 國防大學政治作戰學院 === 政治研究所 === 99 === As the authority of government moves to Taiwan since 1949, the political development of Taiwan has experienced several stages from authoritarian domination, into the consolidation of democracy with the democratic transformation. While the social change on the process of political development, the interactions between Armed Forces and society shifted from authoritarian domination to military nationalization. The values and cultures of armed forces tended to be plural. While facing the numerous changes, armed forces must adjust its status, and the most important thing was to establish the political neutrality at the military during the process of military nationalization. It would be a firm and stable prop of social development for the development of democracy. After the shift of ruling party, armed forces unavoidably would be contaminated by political atmosphere, and caused some soldiers to disobey the political neutrality norms that gave the armed forces a buffet.
First, the purpose of this thesis was to analyze the norms of political neutrality at the Armed Forces, and to discuss the characters and adjustments of military status in terms of the democratization. It tried to understand the influences of democratic politics for the Armed Forces, its status, and the conditions of political neutrality. Second, it tried to introduce the norms of political neutrality at the US Armed Forces, and compare the political neutrality of Taiwan Armed Forces in order to introspect the weakness and useful references of Taiwan. Finally, it discussed the factors that why soldiers disobey the political neutrality norms by the cases of violating the norms. It also made the references for practicing political neutrality and legalization, despite of showing the deficiency of enactments nowadays.
In conclusion, it adopted the political neutrality norms of US Armed Forces, analyzed several related cases that showed the weakness of our political neutrality, and found out six factors which affected political neutrality norms at the military: inaccurate norms of enactments, weakness of occupational specialty, lack of guarantee of participating politics, deficient cognitions of political norms, and conflicts between values and sensitivity of status. It made the suggestions that it’s urgent to promote legalization of political neutrality at the military, consulted the norms of the US Armed Forces and ensured participatory rights of soldiers, and strengthened promotion and education.
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