| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 老年學研究所 === 100 === With the aging process, the decreased physical activity along with disused muscle atrophy and slow in reaction were developed and derived the issue of sarcopenia- a progressive and complex syndrome. The aging phenomenon of body composition were reflected by skeletal muscle fiber atrophy, declined muscle strength, muscular endurance and metabolic ability. The sustained deterioration of neuromuscular system and function might result in kinds of comorbidities and degenerative changes subsequently. In response to the aging society, surveys of prevalence and associated risk factors of sarcopenia were still insufficient in Taiwan. For this reason, this cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors of pre-sarcopenia and sarcopenia in community-dwelling subjects aged 40 years old and over in mid-Taiwan.
Twelve hundred subject aged 40 and over were stratified random sampled from Douliou/Gukeng, Yunlin County in 2010. The structured questionnaires included basic characteristics, smoking and drinking habit, habit of vegetarian and health related information ( fracture history, chronic disease, etc) were self-reported or inquired by well-trained faculty. The body mass index (BMI) and body composition ( percent body fat and skeletal muscle mass) derived from bioimpedance analysis (BIA) were measured accordingly. Sarcopenia was defined statistically as a reduction in muscle mass of two standard deviations or more below the normal means for young people. Presarcopenia was defined statistically between one standard deviations and two standard deviations of normal means of muscle mass for young people.
A total of 1191 subjects (mean age was 59.5 ± 11.4 years) with completed data were collated for final analysis. The prevalences of sarcopenia/presarcopenia in total, males and females were 3.0%/19.0%, 4.6%/27.9% and 1.8%/12.2%, respectively. In terms of subjects aged 65 and over, the prevalences of sarcopenia/presarcopenia in total, males and females were 5.3%/29.7%, 8.6%/41.1% and 1.5%/16.7%, respectively. In univariate analysis, the age, gender and BMI were significantly correlated with sarcopenia. Using the multiple logistic regression analysis, the sex, age, BMI and percent body fat were independent risk factors for both sarcopenia and presarcopenia.
In conclusion, the prevalence of sarcopenia were ranged from 1.8% to 8.6% across different gender and age in the 1191 aged 40 and over subjects. The older, males, low BMI and high percent body fat have higher risk for sarcopenia. To provide early screening and on-time intervention for the high risk groups would prevent the sarcopenia and the subsequent health hazards.
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