Evaluation of anti-termite by extracts of Alianthus Prickly Ash (Zanthoxylum ailanthoides)

• Main Authors: Jia-Hao Chang, 張家豪
• Other Authors: Tsang-Chyi Shiah
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35838329184272626119

碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 林產科學暨家具工程學系研究所 === 100 === Abstract The aim of this study is to figure out the plant of Rutaceae produced in Taiwan with inhibitory activity for termite. At first, the experiment was selected species with anti-termite activity obtained from previous reports. Use Sapindus mukorossi, Melia azedarach, Cinnamomum osmophloeum and the plant of Rutaceae produced in Taiwan, Zanthoxylum ailanthoides and Phellodendron amurense. The plant extracts were comparied and screened for anti-termite active. Because of strength for anti-termite activity sequences were Sapindus mukorossi, Melia azedarach, Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, Phellodendron amurense and Cinnamomum osmophloeum. So Zanthoxylum ailanthoides was selected for the anti-termite experiment because of the anti-termite activity is close to former. The essential oil extracted from Zanthoxylum ailanthoides leaves was rich than that of wood, the yield rang from 1.07-1.63%. Methanol extracts yield was 21.02, 14.30% seperately. The activity position of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides extracts analyzed by the filter paper and wood block test, and two different foreign standard test methods: AWPA E1 and DIN EN 118 were compared to eveluation the anti-termite ability. Finally the wood pile of contained extraction tested anti-termite activity with outdoor field test for a long period of time. The results shown that leaves essential oils of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides had mortality activity for Coptotermes formosanus. Both methanol extraction of leaves and wood from Zanthoxylum ailanthoides had mortality and repellent activity for termite. The extraction of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides leaves had a good inhibitory effect on filter paper and wood block tests. The mortality rate was 100% at 10 mg/mL after 6 days of the filter paper test. The mortality rate was 51-55% and weight loss rate was 5-6% for Zanthoxylum ailanthoides leaves extraction soaked blocks. The relationship between that sample soaked concentration and weight loss of filter paper are inversed. Results of the wood loss after test had no significant differences between the two foreign standard test methods. Observation of outdoor field test, the Zanthoxylum ailanthoides methanol extraction treated samples own the best inhibitory effect after 30-60 days test, especially for the leaves extraction. The termite resistance of wood pile soaked of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides methanol extraction decresed significantly and wood pile chewed by termite seriously after test for 60 days. The essential oil of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides leaves analyses by GC-MS, 31 kinds of major components can be find out. Mainly as follows Sabinene, 4-Terpineol, α-Phellanderene, β-Phellandrene, γ-Terpinene and α-Pineneand. The components such as 4-Terpineol, γ-Terpinene, α-Pinene, ρ-Cymene, α-Terpineol, β-Eudesmol and Cedrol have anti-termite activity. Cedrol has mortality activity for termite that proved with the filter paper test. The appearance of dead termites after experiments, abdomen of termite was shrivelled after fed of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides methanol extraction. Zanthoxylum ailanthoides extraction speculated may be had toxic effect to the digestive system of termite.