| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立屏東教育大學 === 中國語文學系 === 100 === Reverse poetries played an important role in Wang, An-Shi’s works. The definition of “reverse poetry” in present study was poetry that used the “reverse method” that was to reverse the incident or phrase (sentence, which could be long or short, a single sentence or multiple ones).
The observation on the reason of Wang composing the reverse poetries was made from the angles of time and character. The expression of Wang’s reverse poetries was discussed as “incident reverse” and “phrase reverse” respectively. “Incident reverse” was the reverse of scenario and comment while “phrase reverse” was reversing the pervious phrase to show the opposite opinions. The writing of all kinds of opposite situation and scenario could be divided into “reverse of pervious phrase” and “reverse of pervious meaning.” The content of Wang’s reverse poetries included, debate on whether the minister was valued by the emperor, the insistence of reformation, the choice of whether to work for the public authority, and the narration of life after retirement. The first two topics were regarding “official,” the third topic was about the transmission of “official” to “retirement,” and the last one was the discussion of the direction after retirement.
The author proposed four conclusive arguments for the literal and historical value of Wang’s reverse poetry:
First, the reverse poetry on history by Wang, An-Shi was actually the discussion on current circumstance with the metaphor of history while other reverse poetries were innovative and critical which demonstrated Wang’s unique insight on politics as well as his character and figure. Generally, it showed the vivid thinking and in-depth insight of the poet.
Second, the reverse poetry by Wang, An-Shi was not merely about objection. Wang expressed his true feelings and emotions regarding himself, close ones, the people, society, politics, history, and even life in the poetries with reverse methods. The readers would have more intensive perceptions with the contrasts while reading.
Third, the reverse poetry by Wang, An-Shi was innovative not only on the meaning but also on the scenario and image which demonstrated his learning from the previous ones and creativity. His works had got rid of the cliché of poetries in Song Dynasty and what most precious was the pattern of Wang’s poetries had less flaws of essay-orientated, which could be frequently observed in the poetries in Song Dynasty.
Fourth, Wang, An-Shi was a crucial and pioneer figure in the development of reverse poetry. He had accomplished significant breakthroughs on the volume, content, pattern, insight, width of topic, and styles of reverse poetry.
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