An Action Research in the Development of Senior High School Curricula in Forgiveness – A Series of Martial Arts Movies "Ip Man"

• Main Authors: Lin,Wen-kuei, 林文魁
• Other Authors: Shu-Sum Ng
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2012
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23612317210385139540

碩士 === 國立臺北護理健康大學 === 生死教育與輔導研究所 === 100 === In recent years, events of interpersonal conflicts and problems of bullying on the campus have drawn widespread public attention. How to deal with and confront events of bullying in order to enhance the harmony on the campus has become a crucial issue. The purpose of the present study is to develop appropriate school-based senior high school curricula to inculcate the concept of forgiveness by means of martial arts movies so that the conflict and problem of bullying might be solved and dealt with. Simultaneously, students’ learning effectiveness and the researcher’s professional growth process after the interposal of the curricula will be examined. The methodology of action research was adopted in the present study. The subjects were the three classes that the researcher is teaching presently in the school. Class A (n=43) was the subjects in the pre-test. The other two classes, Class B and Class C (n=39 for both) were the subjects in the present research. The way the course was conducted is as follows: the course was integrated into the regular course of life education at school; eight units of forgiveness education were designed and conducted in eight consecutive weeks with two hours in each week. The present course featured martial arts movies imbue students with the concept of forgiveness. Contrary to most people’s stereotype of martial arts movies , which are considered as fraught with violence, in the present study martial arts movies served as a means to handle and face the unfair matter of injury resulting from interpersonal conflicts. The moral principles of the present study consist of two parts. First, in terms of the protection of subjects, the present study was scrutinized by the committee of ethics of the school in accordance to the principles of research ethics such as “informed consent”, “the principle of autonomy”, “the principle of confidentiality”, etc. Second, in respect of the instrument of the study, all films utilized in the study were consistent with the relevant provisions of the Intellectual Property Rights Act. The design of the curriculum is based on Professor Ng Shu-Sum’s “Oscar Holistic Health Talk” mode and meets the actual need of the students (nearly forty percent of the subjects suffered serious or very serious unfair assaults). In the process of the curriculum, worksheets, group discussion, letters of apology, certificates of forgiveness were employed to understand the teaching process with a view to examining and modifying the course design. Through practicing Wing Chun, a type of martial arts, more experiential practice and entertainment was added to the course. A collaborative teacher was invited to observe and record the progress of the course on the spot. The researcher kept a teaching diary and inspected the merits and demerits of the teaching procedures. The researcher scrutinized, reflected and adjusted the course design incessantly from the three perspectives: students’, the collaborative teacher’s and the researcher’s. In Unit 7, after writing the letter of apology and the certificate of forgiveness, fifty percent of the subjects expressed that they felt relieved and at ease, finally being able to let go of the past and recovering from the negative feeling in the past. They also felt grateful to the teacher for such a course design. With regard to the appraisal of the teaching effectiveness, an overall curriculum evaluation and personal interviews were conducted in the end of the course to understand the effectiveness. From the quantitative statistics of the overall course evaluation questionnaire filled out by the students, it is observed that the average degree of satisfaction of each unit from both classes, if the frequencies of “satisfying” and “very satisfying” are added up, ranges from the highest 88% of Unit 5 “Surpass Oneself and Forgive Others”, the second highest 86% of Unit 6 “Transcend Ethnic Groups and Choose to Pardon Others”, to the following 83% of Unit 4 “Go Beyond Prejudice and Obtain True Love”. Even the least favorable unit gains a degree of satisfaction above 75%. In view of this, it could be concluded that both classes were quite content with a course in forgiveness that utilized martial arts movies as teaching material, with 81% of the subjects viewing the course as worth disseminating. The average score of the teacher’s instruction is 90. The qualitative observation demonstrates that the subjects regarded highly of the teacher’s lecture, the course content, and their self-learning. Four months after the end of the course, it was found, using the five steps to forgiveness, that the student’s forgiveness was still significant. Considering the growth and change that the students underwent after the course, they revealed much growth and gain in the aspect of “emotion”, “cognition” and “behavior” in their feedback. They also boosted their ability in getting along with people. The aggressors could express their regret through the letter of apology while the aggressed party could opt for forgiveness to alleviate the hurt feeling brought forth by the injury and improve their capability to get along with others. The researcher also discusses the result of the study and makes some recommendations for further research.