Leadership and Foreign Policies: Decision-Making Patterns between Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping

• Main Authors: Hui-Chuan Hsieh, 謝慧娟
• Other Authors: Mu-Min Chen
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2013
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k72yje

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 國際政治研究所 === 101 === Abstract Deng Xiaoping, former China leader, implemented “reform and opening” policy in 1978, which is a very correlate of rising economic development in China. China’s international status was boosted through foreign investment, and it thus has been the largest economy entity following the United States. The US has established her unipolar status since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1990s, and strengthens its national power trumping others. Besides, it aims to weaken China’s recent soaring power through the pivot to Asia. China has been in the limelight not merely because of its increasing international status, but also its permanent member of the United Nations. As a result, its foreign policies become an important part of China. Though different from the dictatorship in Mao’s age, China’s current collective leadership still plays a vital role in leader’s autocracy on decision-making process. In Hu Jintao’s chairmanship, China’s diplomacy focused on “peaceful development,” while in Xi Jinping’s chairmanship it aimed to foster harmonious multi-relations with great powers, especially the US, to create the “new relations among super powers.” This research elaborates how China’s foreign policies have changed with time goes by, and manifest the major disparity between Hu and Xi’s diplomatic strategies. This study also presents hypotheses for China’s transition of foreign policies, and they are constructed by internal ideology, institutions and models. If this is the case, China’s diplomatic strategies can be better analyzed through a series of factors: international environment, domestic institutional systems, and leaders’ characteristics. “The North Korean nuclear issue” and “Sino-Japanese dispute over sovereignty of Diaoyutai” are two exemplified cases that are useful on analyzing the transition in China’s foreign policies. Keywords: peaceful development, new relations among super powers, foreign policy decision-making, ideology, institution, model