| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 交通管理學系碩博士班 === 101 === The research is based on a panel data set of 8 cross-strait airlines over the period of 2003-2011. This study utilizes Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which includes CCR Model, BCC Model and Malmquist Index, to assess the operational efficiency and productivity of these airlines. Fleet, number of employees and operational costs are selected as input variables, while outputs are RPK (Revenue Passenger Kilometer), freight tones and operational revenue. Following by The Tobit model, it is conducted in an effort to identify the effects of external explanatory variables on efficiency.
According to the results, Cathay Pacific Airlines and EVA Air perform very well with the comparison of other sampled airlines. Airlines from the mainland China have the problem of excess fleet. Among Taiwanese airlines, those with smaller fleet are more flexible on productivity improvement. In the sensitivity analysis, it has indicated that operational costs play an important role in airlines’ performance, where fuel cost is the major part of operational costs.
Regarding the influence of joining airlines alliance and the cross-strait direct flights, both are not significant on performance in the Tobit analysis, because most sampled airlines joined alliances in recent years, as well as the opening of direct flights. According to Tobit analysis, state-owned airlines are less efficient, whereas airlines with larger fleet are more efficient. Therefore, in order to perform better, state-owned airlines are recommended to enhance organization flexibility and control costs.
The efficiencies of airlines are very sensitive to overall economic changes. To improve airlines’ performances, managerial suggestions for managers and the authority are then delivered in this research.
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